Cremation Business Plan - 4766 Words

HOLY GARDENS CREMATORIUM – BUSINESS PLAN I. EXECUTIVE SUMMARY A. INTRODUCTION Cremation has been constantly gaining acceptance here in the Philippines especially in areas where there are crematoriums such as Manila, Quezon City, Paranaque, and other leading cities in the Philippines. Although inhumation or traditional burial is still largely practiced in the Philippines, many Filipinos are now welcoming the cremation for variety of reasons such as, practicality and affordability, simple, cleanest process and speeds up natural process. The demands for cremations is now at its peak especially when the Catholic Church permitted the cremation as a legitimate mode of disposing the dead body, and it was justified the existence of†¦show more content†¦To increase the sales of at least 20% yearly 3. To be the pioneer in the cremation industry V. VISION To be the number one crematorium in Eastern Rizal VI. MISSION To have branches in leading cities in the Philippines in three years time such as Batangas, Laguna, La Union, Pangasinan. VII. MARKETING STRATEGY The Holy Gardens Crematorium will cater services not just the clients of Funeraria Royale but also to the other Funeral Service. They will serve as the primary clients or customers of the Crematorium. A. PRODUCT 1. Cremation Only 2. Cremation with Urn B. PRICING STRATEGY 1. Cremation Only - 18,000.00 ( 15,000.00 for the first three months of operation ) 2. Cremation with Urn – 20,000.00 C. ADVERTISING AND PROMOTION 1. Posting of Tarpaulin, Banners and Steamer in busy areas 2. Giving of brochures and flyers during interment 3. Direct Sales Marketing to the existing clients of Holy Gardens 4. Personally visit and talk to the funeral service in Rizal 5. Posting of Ads in our Website VIII. WHAT ARE THE START UP COST? Initial investment is approximately 5 million consists of the following equipments for cremator/retort: cremator chamber, loading door, chamber floor, steel stack, controls, retrieval hopper, and shalane and other pre-operating expenses, that will be finance by the Unisun Group of Companies. IX. FINANCIALShow MoreRelatedThe Death Of The Funeral Business1089 Words   |  5 Pagesmore so relates to a party than a funeral. â€Å"The Death of the Funeral Business† also raises many questions to be pondered by the reader. Hingston says, â€Å"A societal changeover from burial to cremation is momentous for our culture. It signals a cataclysmic shift in how we think about our bodies and ourselves† (38). The questions that arise from this quote are what parallels may Hingston be trying to draw between the trend in cremation and the way we â€Å"think about our bodies and ourselves?† Why may sheRead MoreA Statement On The Funeral Ceremony841 Words   |  4 Pages1. Batesville is the casket company which provides burial solutions for the cremation. They manufacture Cremation caskets, cremation containers, urns and keepsake jewelry and memorial stationary. The manufactured products are being sold through licensed funeral homes. The company also provides techn ology solutions to smaller funeral businesses. They provide website services, business management solutions and memorial stationary to funeral homes. Batesville website also provides resources for licensedRead MoreFuneral Service Workers And Funeral Services980 Words   |  4 Pagesundertaker, is a professional involved in the business of funeral rites. These tasks often are the dressing and burial or cremation of the dead, as well as the planning and arrangement of the actual funeral ceremony. Together with the family, funeral service workers establish the locations, dates, and times of the visitations (wakes), funerals or memorial services, burials, and cremations. They handle other details as well, such asRead MoreMarketing Plan (Funeral Home)4403 Words   |  18 PagesMarketing Plan 8/23/04 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY It starts off with a competition analysis. This gives a good background on the competition of the industry. It goes into detail about key points in the competition at a national level and also at a local level dealing with our own personal competition. The plan conducts a SWOT analysis in detail about how our business matches up with its competition. The SWOT analysis takes me into our business relationships. It goes through the importance of alliancesRead MoreMarketing Cremation in the New Millennium Essay2172 Words   |  9 Pagesdynamic environment. (Funeral Service Marketing classroom notes- Gary B. Double Instructor) cremation The reduction of the dead human body to inorganic bone fragments by intense heat in a specifically designed retort or chamber. (Funeral Directing Funeral Service Management Ralph L. Klicker, PhD.) Answering the ever challenging question concerning the marketing of any product, let alone cremation can be a time consuming and challenging process. Long hours studying statistics often leadRead MoreRyan Funeral Home Case Study2426 Words   |  10 Pagesthis area. Reputation is everything in the funeral business. â€Å"He’s gone now, and I must decide what’s to become of all this. I always thought it would be a simple decision: pass the business to the next generation.† â€Å"It’s not so simple. The funeral industry has changed dramatically from what it was when we started out. It’s much harder to make a living than it once was. Nonetheless, I know that the reason your father started this business was because he wanted something to pass on to hisRead MoreInternational Travellers And Atlas Travel Insurance1590 Words   |  7 Pagessuch as those offered by Atlas Travel Insurance, protect you, your family and your trip against all imaginable unforeseen events. Atlas Travel Insurance provides international travellers with three different plans tailored to meet all travellers needs; whether, travelling for pleasure or business. The Atlas Essential, Atlas Travel and Atlas Premium are tailored with benefits to protect individuals from travel disasters. Atlas Travel Insurance is underwritten and backed by HCC Medical Insurance ServiceRead MoreLoewen Group Case Study1452 Words   |  6 Pagesthese services or even other options of burial. Technological: If the option of freezing people became cheap and customary, it would threaten the funeral home business because the accessibility to that form of technology is very limited. Political/Legal: If laws were passed to prevent burial due to environmental reasons and cremation became the way, then funeral homes would loose a large part of their revenue. Demographic: Because people are living longer, and the population is becomingRead MoreHow to Dispose of a Corpse Essay3295 Words   |  14 Pageswith embalming and burial is another reason why society is choosing alternate disposal options. Another traditional method of disposal practiced for centuries by many societies to include the ancient Greeks, Romans, and Native Americans, is cremation. Cremation is the burning of a corpse until nothing is left but ashes. The 21st century process requires the mortal body to be placed in a cardboard container, tagged with a number; a permit is obtained from the State and next of kin (Sanburn, 3). NextRead MoreFuneral Planning2183 Words   |  9 Pagesnoted to take place. In time burial and funeral customs have become very distinct, interesting and expensive. In post-industrial America, along with the rest of the western societies, grave burials are the most common method of disposal. However, cremation, although popular in many countries, is still very unpopular in western societies. As I found in my research, funerals can be expensive. Planning a funeral is no easy thing, though we know is the only part of life that is certain, many individuals

Changes In Medicine Due To Civil War - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 5 Words: 1450 Downloads: 9 Date added: 2019/05/15 Category History Essay Level High school Tags: Civil War Essay War Essay Did you like this example? As time goes on, many changes occur in different fields of science, technology, human service, media, and business. When looking back at the Civil War era, medicines used, and treatment of patients at that time, it is easy to see that the field of medicine has evolved greatly. From the remedies and medicines used to treat soldiers to the overall healthcare of people at that time, this field has developed new and better ways to care for those who are injured, sick, and dying. Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "Changes In Medicine Due To Civil War" essay for you Create order Are the changes that have happened involving medicine and the treatment of patients is one of the most dramatic changes in the history of our time? One thing that has changed over time is that whiskey and other forms of alcohol were used to treat wounds and disease though of questionable medical value, whiskey did relieve some pain (Civil War Medicine: An Overview of Medicine | Ehistory). Today, medical doctors would not consider whiskey, or any alcohol, the answer to treating a wound or disease. Back then, for wounds, whisky was considered to have a cleansing effect, like the antiseptic of today. Additionally, it was used not as a remedy for a disease, but as a painkiller for the symptoms of wounds and diseases. Now, medical doctors and scientists have discovered medicines that help people relieve the pain they are having. Also today, a person can go to the store and buy over-the-counter medicines for colds and fevers. These medicines help to relieve the pain from symptoms of headaches, surgeries, diseases, etc. During the Civil War, many people died due to diseases that the doctors could not treat because they did not have proper medicine to cure them. People were made comfortable through different techniques, however, cures for anything were few and far between. Today if someone goes to the doctor or hospital and is diagnosed with a disease, there is probably a form of medicine available to help them survive or at least live comfortably with the disease. Today, there are also new diseases for which they are still trying to find cures. Also, there are some diseases that are not yet curable like cancer. Some people argue that cancer existed back then but no one can be sure. Since having new, technological advantages now, scientists are working on a cures for things that in the days of the Civil War, were simply considered ailments that no one could survive. Through the ages, the way technology changed in medicine is that back during the Civil War, they did not have what we consider technology today. More modern equipment that is capable of diagnosing a patients symptoms, blood tests that can look for abnormal levels of things in the blood, scans using radioactive energy all exist today. Doctors during this time use technology for everything; and back in the days of the Civil War, a doctor could only hope that the way a patient was treated would help assist them in getting better. These days, a person can be put on a ventilator to help them breathe if they are in a coma or unable to breathe themselves. Also today, a persons heart beats per minute can be checked using monitors, cuffs, and other devices. In the days of the Civil War, a doctor or medic would simply time a persons breathing or feel for a pulse in the neck or wrist. Many times, soldiers who may have had a weak heartbeat due to injuries was left to die because a pulse could not be felt efficiently. More advanced equipment would not be invented for some time. Nowadays, if a bone is broken or suspected to be broken, doctors can order an x-ray to see for certain if it is. An x-ray allows doctors to see the bones in a persons body through radiologic technology. If this scan does not give a good enough result, the doctors of today can order whats called a Computed Tomography or CT scan or even a Magnetic Resonance Image or MRI to get a more in-depth picture. During the time of the Civil War, they did not have the technology to be able to see inside a persons body, so they relied on amputations of body parts for most of the battle field injuries. Also, doctors had much less experience than they do now. Doctors during the Civil War had to go to college for only about two years to become doctors. After the two years of college, they were able to perform surgeries by themselves. Also, the doctors lacked the ability to get most soldiers off the battle ground, and the hospitals lacked the sterile surroundings that they have now (Reilly). They often used knives as scalpels to cut people open. The knives they used were more than likely also used on other soldiers with injuries. Handwashing was something that, if a doctor was working in a hospital-like environment, could be done, but was not thought of as drastically important as it is now. When a doctor or a medic was working on a wounded soldier, they went from one person to another person without ceasing, causing infections to their patients. Todays doctors, before even having the chance to see a patient, have to go to four years of undergraduate school, have to take four more years of medical school, and then finally they have about se ven years of interning to do in a hospital. Also, today they have to be really sterile to practice medicine. The doctors have to wash their hands before and after touching a patient because, over time, germs that live on a person and even in our environment have been discovered to cause havoc to a person that is sick, injured, or diseased. If a doctor is a surgical physician, they have to use a scalpel only once during surgery. During the Civil War, general anesthesia was a new concept in medicine, so barely anyone had known how to use it. Instead of putting patients to sleep, the doctors would give them a dirty towel to let the patient bite down on during surgery. Also, they would have to hold down the patient because of how bad it hurt them to have surgery done with them awake. Today, of course, that is not the case. Modern medicine allows a person to sleep through any type of surgical procedure. From the extraction of a tooth to a major operation, a patient is put to sleep using intravenous anesthesia. In some cases today, people may wake up during surgery or may their body may not respond well to the anesthesia. For this reason, there is a person there called an anesthesiologist that is specifically giving people the correct amount of anesthesia and monitoring that persons vital signs for any type of negative effect. If anything goes wrong within a patients body during surgery these days, the specially trained people who assist in surgeries relay that information to the surgeon so that added steps can be taken to keep the patient asleep and responding well. With the examples given, it is easy to see that there have been many advances in the medical field since the days of the Civil War. From medicines, tools of the doctors, technological equipment, and even schooling for doctors, the advances that have been made are some of the most important for treating people with almost any type of injury or condition. On or off the battlefield, where many soldiers died of germ contamination, internal injuries, or simply thought to be dead, doctors are now able to understand the importance of sterile environments, the use of internal imaging, and monitoring for vital signs. People are now living longer, healthier lives, even in the face of war; and all this is due to the advances that have been made in the medical field. This is the reason that this writer believes, and everyone should believe, that the changes that have happened involving medicine and the treatment of patients is one of the most dramatic changes in the history of our time. Works Cited Archives.upenn.edu. (2018). Medical Class of 1889, Historical Development of Curriculum, University of Pennsylvania University Archives. [online] Available at: https://www.archives.upenn.edu/histy/features/1800s/1889med/curricdev.html [Accessed 19 Oct. 2018]. Civil War Medicine: An Overview of Medicine. Triplers Report on Sanitation in the Army of the Potomac | EHISTORY, Ohio State University, ehistory.osu.edu/exhibitions/cwsurgeon/cwsurgeon/introduction. Reilly, Robert. Medical And Surgical Care During The American Civil War, 1861â€Å"1865. Pubmed Central (PMC), 2018, https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4790547/. Accessed 17 Nov 2018. Williams, Mary. Medicine In The American Civil War. Cprcertified.Com, 2018, https://www.cprcertified.com/medicine-in-the-american-civil-war. Accessed 19 Oct 2018.

Human Trafficking A Serious Global Issue - 1404 Words

Human trafficking is and has been a serious global issue that dates as far back as Greek and Roman times. It became extremely prevalent in the 1600s with the introduction of the African slave trade to North America; it had begun in the early 1400s in Europe and Portugal (Source 1). However, as time progressed, another serious form of human trafficking gained â€Å"popularity†; sex trafficking. Sex trafficking is an â€Å"umbrella term† that includes many different commercial sex work. For example, â€Å"prostitution†¦ pornography, exotic dancing, stripping, live sex shows, mail-order brides, military prostitution, and sexual tourism† (Source 2). Although human trafficking with the intention of sexual exploitation is not limited to one sole gender, it is†¦show more content†¦All of this is a tactic known as guerilla pimping; it is a violent tactic used to recruit women and it often involves intimidation and aggression. Whether through sexual exploitation or labor, these women have no choice but to comply. This is true even for women who go abroad knowing that they will be working in the sex industry, but the expectations of what this means are always higher than the reality. But not every victim is forcibly and unwillingly kidnapped by traffickers. Some are sold into the trade by â€Å"parents, husbands, and significant others† (Source 2). These people are also fooled into thinking that their daughter or significant other will have a better life. Traffickers recruit victims who are â€Å"socially† vulnerable as well. In 2014 the Canadian National Task Force on Sex Trafficking of Women and Girls found that a majority of women and adolescents in the sex trade all share attributes like â€Å"a history of violence or neglect† or â€Å"a history of child sex abuse,† and are often homeless and are or have been in â€Å"state care, group homes, or foster care† (http://canadianwomen.org/taskforce). These girls are often extremely vulnerable to drug addiction, have physical disabilities, and are innumerate or illiterate. When attempting to recruit socially vulnerable women, a pimp will often present himself as someone who genuinely cares about the victim.

Soccer The Worlds Game - 1094 Words

Soccer (Football) is the most popular and fastest growing sport in the world. Over 240 million people play it regularly around the world. However, most people only get to view one side of soccer in their lifetime. They never get a glimpse of it in any other setting. For many people soccer is a very competitive organized sport. For others it is an everyday, fun activity. In some countries, soccer is their life, while in others it is just a sport. For those of you that don’t know, soccer is a sport where the objective is to score goals by kicking a ball into the other teams goal. It is a mix of offense and defense, with very fast paced action. You are allowed to use any body part except your hands and elbows. Soccers first appearance traces back to 3000 years ago in ancient China. But, the first modern version of soccer originates from Victorian England. Since then, soccer has spread around the world to the point where almost every country plays some form of it. I am going to ad dress how it is different around the world and the reasons for this. The first country I am going to talk about is the U.S. In the U.S. soccer is not a very big deal. It is a historically small sport here.We are too busy scoring touchdowns and making homeruns to have time for Soccer. There are many reasons for why soccer is not very big. For one, there are many, many other distractions. Whereas in some countries, soccer is all they have. No other sports, activities, or hobbies. As Robert Beall, theShow MoreRelatedThe Origins Of Soccer : The World Of The Game1082 Words   |  5 PagesDecember 2016 The Origins of Soccer Evolution has acted as the forefront of the game of soccer due to the exponential growth it has endured through the nineteenth and twentieth centuries. Contributions to this commercial epidemic consist of the robust foundation in which a multitude of cultures have bestowed upon the game. These cultures have formulated, in some manner, an invaluable rudimentary configuration of the game. Despite the innumerable aspects of the game of soccer, one is present within allRead MoreThe Game Of Soccer Is The World s Game And The Greatest Sport Ever1122 Words   |  5 PagesBiomechanics October 10, 2014 The game of soccer is often called the world’s game and the greatest sport ever to be played. Here in America, soccer is the nation’s game and only popular when one of the national teams is playing in the World Cup or Olympics. While the sport is gaining popularity, Americans would rather play and watch football and baseball. The slower paced, timeout centered sports such as football and baseball give teams moments to regroup. In soccer there are hardly any pauses in aRead MoreSoccer Popular Sport1035 Words   |  5 PagesWhy is soccer not perceived as one of the best sports in the United States? The United States was founded by the british. The most popular sport in great britain is soccer, but in the United States soccer is not the most popular sport. Soccer is viewed as a sport that isn’t very popular. Worldwide though there are 4 billion people who play the sport of football/soccer. Worldwide soccer is called football except in the United States where it i s called soccer. The most popular sports in the unitedRead MoreSoccer Influence1686 Words   |  7 PagesThe Influence of Soccer Since its conception, soccer continues to dominate the global sports scene. As of 2015, 265 million people play soccer in the world. This widely known game was invented two centuries ago in England and quickly became one of the most popular sports in the world. Soccer is also exceptionally influential in the political world. The sport has the capability to spark war and bring peace to entire nations. Along with its effects on the political world, soccer is also a considerableRead MoreWhy Soccer Is so Popular1015 Words   |  5 PagesWhy is soccer so popular? Many people in the U.S. often ask: â€Å"why soccer is so boring? Some time they can’t even score!† In my person opinion, I do not think soccer is boring; in fact, it is really fun to play, soccer or football as it is known throughout the world, is the most popular sport in the world, and also requires a huge amount of skills. It creates fanatical fans, and throws the world’s biggest sporting tournament, the World Cup; The World Cup is the most widely-viewed sporting eventRead MoreSoccer: The Worlds Sport971 Words   |  4 Pages The amazing game of soccer is played in every continent, and is the world’s most popular sport. It is proven to be one of the number one sports to be played and watched. Because its fans and players are so devoted, the sport continues to grow. Requiring only a ball and open space, the activity is available to anyone, whether rich or poor, male or female, athletic or not. Over the years, soccer has won the hearts of many because of its unique historyRead MoreSoccer Supporters Community The word community is primarily referred to our association with a900 Words   |  4 PagesSoccer Supporters Community The word community is primarily referred to our association with a neighborhood, town or city. But besides its dictionary definition, a community is also what holds a certain group of people together based on their interests, beliefs, practices and values. The world is conformed by many of these communities, but there is one that stands out because of its enormity and the passion that is shared within its members, the soccer supporters community. Soccer supporters areRead MoreThe Great Game Of Football1383 Words   |  6 PagesThe Great Game of Football Football is the most popular sport in the world, but it is not the same kind of football that Americans usually think of. Football and American football are two completely different sports, yet they share the same name. American football is only played in the United States and is a bone breaking, helmet clashing, all around rough sport. Thousands of fans come out and watch young men beat each other up. While football, otherwise known as soccer, is popular all over theRead MoreSoccer Is A Marvelous Sport962 Words   |  4 PagesSoccer is a marvelous sport. It is a sport that virtually all know about, no matter where they live. A sport that began long ago and has continued on for decades. Even if it is less popular in some countries, it still has one of the largest fan-bases in the world. As Kress Estime says in her report on soccer, â€Å"Soccer is the most widely practiced sport in the world. It is played in over 200 countries and has over 3.5 billion fans around the globe† (Estime). Soccer has held this title for a long timeRead MoreFifa Women s World Cup Essay1582 Words   |  7 Pagesthat’s what the German National Soccer team made last year for winning the World Cup. The World Cup is one of the most prestigious accomplishments in any sport. The players in the World Cup are some of the hardest working, highest paid athletes in the world. These players are paid tremendous amounts of money by their club, their country, and FIFA. However this is not the only World Cup, on a different four year rotation is the FIFA Women’s World Cup. The women in the World Cup are treated as inferior

Preventing Sex Crimes Free Essays

Running Head: PREVENTION OF SEX RELATED CRIMES Prevention of Sex Related Crimes Against Women Outline I. Primary prevention health promotion A. Why is it important to nursing ?. We will write a custom essay sample on Preventing Sex Crimes or any similar topic only for you Order Now Sex crimes against women is an ever increasing problem. A. Rape an increasing problem B. High risk potential victims of rape C. Drugs used for date rape D. Psychiatric patients I?. Various resources are available for primary prevention A. Possible locations for preventive programs to reach target population B. Different types of preventive programs IV. Rape prevention conclusion Prevention of Sex Related Crimes Against Women Health promotion is a type of healthcare service meant to help patients remain healthy by preventing the onset of diseases, lowering the possibility of injuries, and promoting a healthier lifestyle. This service is based on the assumption that if patients participate actively and accept specific lifestyle changes, their chances of suffering from heart attacks, lung cancer, hypertension, obesity, diabetes, and other related diseases significantly lowers. The program works as the bond of trust that develops between the healthcare provider and patient. The patient understands how their lifestyle choices affects health and well-being, and works with the healthcare provider to develop healthy habits. Patients benefit from participating in health promotion activities such as health education programs, exercise programs, health fairs, wellness programs at work and school, proper nutrition training, and learning the bases of balancing one’s life. One example of this promotional service is prenatal classes. Expectant mothers are taught good nutritional habits, which benefit both the mother and their baby during the gestational period and after birth. This course increase the likelihood of a normal pregnancy and a healthy baby. Another example of health promotion classes include aerobic exercise and smoking cessation courses focused on the prevention of diseases of the cardiovascular and respiratory systems (Chitty, 1997). Primary prevention is a type of healthcare service designed to assist patients in reducing already identified risk factors such as heredity. This service requires active participation of the patient and the healthcare providers, targeted at disease specific protection for healthy individuals. Primary prevention programs include periodic health screening, physical examinations, identification of familial and environmental risk factors, community health programs, lifestyle changes to counteract risk factors, occupational safety programs, and environmental safety programs. An example of these programs would be the Denver Development test performed on toddlers and preschoolers during our clinical rotations at Baptist Hospital. Another example is teaching patients the correct way to perform monthly self breast exams for young women with a family history of breast cancer. Primary prevention focuses on preventing risk factors from developing, and health promotion focuses on general disease prevention and healthy lifestyles choices (Chitty, 1997). Rape is a violent crime that affects the victim physically, mentally, and emotionally. Potential rape victims include all individuals regardless of age, sex, race, nationality, social status, or economic status. The experience is devastating with usually long term affects of depression, isolation from society, low self esteem, and STDs transmitted from the perpetrator. According to FBI statistical projections every 7 minutes a trenchant rape occurs in the United States; women have a 1 out of 3 chance of becoming a victim of a sexual assault during their life span. Yet, only about 90,000 rapes per year are reported to local authorities. Society in general is unaware with the seriousness of the rape epidemic, since 90% of all rapes are unreported (Nadeau, 1991). Certain behaviors and conditions increases an individual’s risk of becoming a victim of a violent sexual assault. Most rape victims are women between the ages of 16 to 19 years-of-age. The second highest incident of rapes occurs in women between the ages of 20-24 years-of-age. Women between 16 to 24 years-old are 4 times more likely to be a victim of a rape ( Holcomb, 1997). According to Malik (1997) 35% of high school students in the United States are victims of some type of physical violence within a dating relationship. Children that are exposed to domestic violence are twice as likely to be part of a violent sexual assault filling the role of victim or aggressor. African-Americans and Hispanic are also more likely to be victims or aggressors then whites or Asian-Americans (Malik, 1997). Other potential risk factor include individuals suffering from mental illness or retardation, their chance of a violent sexual assault are increase usually at the hands of caretakers and strangers. Previous rape victims are also highly vulnerable to a repeated sexual assault, because of a low sexual self-respect and an increase feeling of powerlessness (Scott, 1993). Nurses need to target these high risk individuals to explain the realities and frequency of sexual assaults and if an assault does occur it should be reported to the proper authorities. A growing concern for healthcare providers, and the general population is the increasing availability of drugs used to commit date rapes. These drugs are part of a growing craze among teenagers and young adults as a recreational drug usually combined with alcohol. Rapists are using them in large dosages to incapacitate unsuspecting women by slipping the colorless, odorless, and tasteless drugs into their drinks at social events. The drug mixes immediately with alcohol leaving no signs of alternation to the drink. The victims are lured away from the social gathering to a remote location where they are taking advantage of. The drugs are used by rapist because it completely impairs the victims memory leaving then with no knowledge of what occurred while under the influence, which last anywhere from 4 to 8 hours. Since the victim is unable to recall the incident, these rape cases are near impossible to prove in court; many times the victims has no description of the perpetrator. The three common rape drugs are Gamma y-hydroxybutyrate, Rohypnol, and Ketamine Hydrochloride and each one has dozens of different street names they are known by. A main concern for healthcare providers are the possible side effects linked to these drugs. The side effects include nausea, vomiting, seizures, memory loss, comas, hypotension, hypertension, arrhythmias, tachycardia, bradycardia, drowsiness, confusion, shock, cardiovascular collapse, muscular rigidity, apnea, etc. These drugs are inexpensive and readily available in our society despite the fact they are outlawed throughout the United States (Lyman, 1998). Nursing practice for victims of sexual assaults needs to be supportive, nonjudgemental, competent, and unbiased. This knowledge of practice is especially important to psychiatric nurses because of the association between psychiatric disorders and a history of childhood sexual assaults. Therefore nursing health history documents for psychiatric patients should include questions about possible sexual assaults. Psychiatric nurses must not silence the client or deny the reality of the sexual assault, since this will only revictimize the client; they should initiate discussions using effective listening, empathy, and respect for their client. Patients suffering from a psychiatric disorder with a past history of sexual abuse are prone to depression, anxiety disorders, post-traumatic stress disorder, self-harm, and sleep disturbance (Gallop, 1998). Primary prevention programs should be readily available for the target population, young women and psychiatric patients at risk of victimization. These programs should be offered at high schools and middle schools by campus officers, advisory counselors, school nurses, brochures, and administration. Universities are also a good place for prevention programs through counselors, public safety department, health center, health fair, wellness fair, brochures, and administration. Other good sources for prevention are psychiatric care centers, family planning clinic, women’s clinic, medical care centers, church groups, youth groups, after school programs, and community programs. Also, parents should be informed of possible risks of victimization using the above resources; they can be a good resource of information for their kids. If preventive programs are offered by healthcare providers and proper authorities at these and other locations, then the target population would be reached and informed on measures that would reduce their chances of becoming a statistic. Primary prevention for rape is done using different programs which focus on informing the general public especially the target population about the different aspects of rape and what to do if ever placed in a compromising situation. One program is the RAD system, a self-defense course for women which also covers awareness, risk reduction, prevention, and avoidance. This system is designed to give women a second viable option when their life is in danger, that option is proper self-defense targeting the weak areas of the male body (Nadeau, 1991). Another program targets date rapes and dating violence. This primary prevention program targets the problem of partner violence, diminishing gender stereotypes, anger managements during conflicts between partners, illustrating the women’s right to say no, and possible warning signs to look for before and during a date with an new acquaintance. An increased understanding of date rape concept may reduce its occurrence by helping women perceive a dangerous situation and realize their right to refuse improper actions or proposals (Foshee, 1998). Other prevention programs include a discussion on the danger and reality of date rape drugs. This program covers the effects of the rape drug in the body, the mode of ingestion for the drug, and helpful ideas to avoid becoming a victim of this increasing phenomenon for example. The rape problem will always be a part of society and rapists will continue to try new ways of luring victims in their hands. Victims of sexual assault suffer emotionally, physically, and mentally. Women can decrease their risk of victimization through different primary prevention programs conducted by healthcare providers and proper authorities. References Chitty, K. K. (1997). Professional nursing concepts and challenges. Pennsylvania: W. B. Saunders Company. Foshee, V. A. , Bauman, K. E. , Arriaga, X. B. , Helms, R. W. , Koch, G. G. Linder, G. F. (1998). An evaluation of safe dates, an adolescent dating violence prevention program. American Journal of Public Health, 88 (1), 45-50. Gallop, R. , Page, G. , McCay, E. , Austin, W. , Bayer, M. , Peternelj-Taylor, C. (1998). Caring for sexually abused clients. Canadian Nurse, 94 (7), 30-34. Holcomb, D. R. , Westhoff, W. W. , McDermott, R. J. (1997). Teaching idea. Date rape and the high school student: a likely scenario. Journal of H ealth Education, 28 (5), 308-310. Lyman, S. A. , Hughes-Mclain, C. Thompson G. (1998). â€Å"Date-rape drugs†: A growing concern. Journal of Health Education, 29 (5), 271-274. Malik, S. , Sorenson, S. B. , Aneshensal, C. S. (1997). Community and dating violence among adolescents: Perpetration and victimization. Journal of Adolescent Health, 21 (5), 291-302. Nadeau, L. N. (1991). R. A. D. Systems. Virginia: Rape Aggression Defense Systems, INC. Scott, C. S. , Lefley, H. P. , Hicks, D. (1993). Potential risk factors for rape in three ethnic groups. Community Mental Health Journal, 29 (2), 133-141. How to cite Preventing Sex Crimes, Essay examples

Risk Management What is Proactive Management

Question: Locate, synthesise and critically evaluate recent/current information from a wide range of published literature in the area of Project Risk and Procurement Management. Apply knowledge of the theory and practice of Project Risk and Procurement Management to develop insights into and solve current problems. Critically evaluate the use of complex models of Project Risk and Procurement Management; systematically and creatively making sound judgements based on the systematic analysis and creative synthesis of ideas. Critically and effectively assess the value of theories, concepts and models to the practice of Project Risk and Procurement Management. Answer: Introduction Risk management refers to the technique of establishing control over the potential problem which can occur or may not occur depending upon the investment decision and market feasibility. To have better understanding on the immensely calculative topic of risk management, it is necessary to understand the terminology of risk, factors associated with risk, factors affecting risk situations and sources of risk. Unless, the base problem is known which carries in risk factor, it is tough to manage investment decisions and control risk. (Hamilton, Byatt, Hodgkinson and Terrill, 2012).While the strategic decisions related to projects, investments, are taken, high importance is given to factors of risk and their impacts in the short run or long run. Risk is the probability that the real outcome from an investment will contrast from the expected outcome. Further, when investor are alarmed on their investments and their unsure returns, there is greater risk associated with increasing expectatio n of possible outcomes. It should not be assumed that risk can be controlled because it can be minimized and the impact can be lower done but controlling is all about letting the event not happen at all. In so practical financial markets, where bull and bear are always in form of some action, there is no certainty over the outcome of the investments and this makes everyone in financial market on why the management of risk is proving to be gigantic task for the profession of project management. Risk management is the process of systematically and logically ascertaining, scrutinizing, treating and monitoring the risk which is associated with any project. It is obvious for managers to have long sightedness over the life of the project and pay keen attention to the expected outcome vs. actuals in progress. For managers, risk management is the important step in achieving success in their decision making goals and making the best use of resources which are available to the organization. W hen any project is started, its viability of success is tested over different financial scenarios to ensure no stone is left unturned for the accomplishment of the project. (Mar, 2016) Corporate managers understand it well that risk is not a certain thing because it might happen or it might not happen and there is no scope to consider the latter opinion and continue with the project as per steps concluded. Risk is associated with future happenings and for guaranteed, with the change in life of the project, there will be change in opinions and degree of impact of the risk factors. The uncertainty over happening or non-happening of the impact of risk, is not always in full proportion to 100% because it might happen that project have not failed but there are serious constraints. Such constraints will not allow the project to be completed as originally expected. (Duggan, 2013) Thus, it becomes mandatory to take care of the obstacles and then only actual results could be expected. Managing risk effectively is again a daunting task and demands the strong analysis of the market situations where project would be operational. Risk factors are not always associated with the market situations but also involves the risk of business continuity, risk of scarcity of resources or may be risk associated with the interest rates. In coverage of risk management, the best strategies are proactive one because projects managers can easily analyze the potential risk involved with the project and risk factors must be identified in advance of the project startup and thereafter, prioritized by significance. Another technique of reactive response deals with the opinion that if risk cannot be avoided so it can be minimized by the best possible use of risk management techniques which will be discussed in the further course of assignment. It will also deepen our knowledge on understanding the type and identification of risks, historical risk factors and practices to be followed which act as measure of the risk. End outcome must be the attainment of project goal in alignment with business goals. (Mack, 2013) Sources of Risk Risk originates from various source and among them following are crucially important for better treatment of risk factors and restore the life of the project: (Borysowich, 2008) Business risk: As an investor who have invested in corporate instruments such as shares and debentures, expectation is that business should grow in terms of performance and provide better ingathering to investors. But situation is not always as per expectation and there is always a risk of pitiable performance by business and the direct impact will be on the share value of the business which will fall giving disappointments to the investors. There could be number of reasons for poor show by the business such as cut-throat competition, failure to upgrade to new technologies, change in business laws, change is policies of the government, supply of raw material affected by any reason and so on. Such changes have huge impact on business activities and sometimes, even strings of the better planning break leaving behind the losses and uncertainty of recovery situations. No analysis of such factors could be remedial to cover the business risk but management cannot escape from the flaw of po or planning and strategies that were not implemented timely. In management of projects, poor performance of the business create a gap of timely accommodation of financial resources. Finance is the lifeline of the projects and when business do not perform well, there are strong chances that business firm will not be able to impair. (Blackman, 2014) Interest rate risk: Investment on projects have returns which can be fixed or variable interest. In market conditions, where interest rate fluctuations affect the interest of the both the investor scenario of fixed interest or variable interest. When interest rates change and move higher, investors getting fixed rate of interest are affected because they are getting lower interest in comparison to the prevailing market rates and fixed rate investors get benefitted when market rates are falling. On contrary, investors getting variable returns from projects enjoy the high yield when interest rates go higher and if interest rates fall, they are adversely affected. (Kumar, 2014) Market risk: It is believed that earnings of the company and interest rates usually do not fluctuate much and tends to remain intact. Projects with bulky investments are affected with the change in price of the securities. The sentiment of the investors are important factor in fluctuations of the securities because they investors keep their observations on the market and bull/bear horizons keep them tentative over their decisions to hold, buy or sell.(Rodeck ,2012) Project risk: Market experts believe that those projects which are risk free or involve close to zero risk, actually do not return anything in terms of revenue from investment. There may be factor involving such as scope of the project is not defined properly so it becomes actually difficult to go correctly with estimates. Project managers must be very competent to analyze all the viability factors of a project so that upcoming deviations could be controlled on right time. (Naybour, 2015) Effective management of risk Management of risk is the part of business stratagems to deal with opportunities to be tapped positively and threats to be handled before they become insurmountable. Business activities are not carried in vacuum so whatever is done have some or the other involvement weighted potential risk. Business grow rapidly only when the risk taken are calculated and well analyzed. From the risk taking ability of the organizations, we analyze numerous things which are actually useful in decision making of investments. (Schurr, 2008). Taking too much risk and taking too low risk, both are termed to be adverse decisions. If any business firm is investing in those projects involving too much risk, it means business may fall at some point of time. On opposite, if business is investing in those projects which have very low or no risk, then it is clear that conservatism is at peak and growth potentials are locked. (Purdy, 2014) All projects do not always have similar kind of risk involved do dealing with them should be unique. Process followed to manage project risk: 1-Identify potential risks: Project managers are responsible to spend time on identifying those risk which may arise in future and growth of project may get hampered. Learning from the past experiences is important and experiences of the past can be utilized to make smart decisions. When risk are identified in priority, they are also dealt in advanced with the best possible solution. Since business do number of projects, it is easy to relate to number of projects with history of risk impact. Team work is important when management is trying to deal with risk factors because few in the team have vast experience of working on numerous projects and their input will serve as right key that will open right doors. Input from all the team-mates will be a mix of useful ideas which can be screened as per need of the project and thereafter, best could be implemented to detect the risks of future. Once the risk factors are identified, next step is to analyze their degree of impact. (Rawi, 2014) 2-Assessment and analysis of identified risks: Once the potential risks are on the decision cycle of the business, next step is analyze the degree of impact that will be coming because of certain risk factors and if such risk can be mitigated with the period change over the life of the project. It is not at all necessary that risk factors identified may actually prove harmful for the project because these risk might have lower impact than thought. (Bonnie, 2014) Assessment is done to see if the risk factors involved carry long term damage or short term damage only. Experts suggest that management should defer or decline those projects which have legality issues associated with them. Pros and cons are evaluated in respect to risk factors and then decision is made on whether the project is worth taking the risk. A tough is also given on the point that whether rewards will be higher or cost will crunch the game. (Chandana, 2013) Assessment of each risk factors will come with the output of quality and quantity.Tools that can be used by management for: Qualitative Risk Analysis: (Belinda, 2011) Risk probability and impact assessment Risk data quality assessment Risk categorization Risk urgency assessment Expert opinions Quantitative Risk Analysis: (Dash, 2015) Sensitivity analysis Monetary value analysis Decision tree analysis Monte Carlo analysis Apart from this, while project manager is finalizing plans to mitigate risk, reference to beginning of the project should not be missed at all. In a nutshell, it is necessary to have a diversified team for project so that inputs, thought process and actionable items on them do not result in redundancy. After the deep assessment of the risk factors, outcomes could be: High risk or serious threat risks- Such risk are the one which no one is willing to deal but they are unavoidable risk factors and may ruin the entire project if due management is not followed. Low risk or opportunity based risks- Such risks are worth taking because of positive factor which will give project right growth momentum. Contingent response- Such strategies are formed with future course of action and this ensures that all members of the project team are aware of what steps are required at different stages of the project. (Usmani, 2012) 3-Monitoring the project: Projects are regular part of the business and regular observation is necessary to keep a check on the deviations caused because of various financial factors. Sincere monitoring of the projects will not make the projects successful but also loyalty of investors will grow and faith will be established on management decisions. There are many purposes that get fulfilled in monitoring the project such as: (Benson, 2016) -Informed decisions are taken and are based on actual scenario rather relying on the estimates only. -Accountability could be fixed for the resources being used in the project. -Relevance and effectiveness of going with the plans is useful in long term. -Impact of high risk factors are checked from time to time and this ensures that project team is on right track. -Efficient use of project resources without going on pitfalls. Not all risk factors need to be mitigated because during the assessment of risk factors, risk tolerance are also set. Risk tolerance refers to the maximum degree which can be accepted for a project and this can be concluded only by measuring the rewards and risk and the balance between both of them is established. Risk tolerance is different from one organization to another and depends upon the legal status of the organization. Important principles of risk management are as follows: 1-Attention to be paid on the process of risk management on continuous basis.-Risk management like business operations is a continuous process and need attention for the life of the project. 2-Forward looking view- Business management should always have their contingent plans ready to tackle risk that may arise any time in future. 3-Reporting-There should be transparency in decision making and visibility of the project to all members of the project and also to the investors for inner peace of mind. Also information used in making decisions, should be verified and from the trusted source. 4-Support structure-The project team should be diversified and equipped with teammates who are intelligent, dynamic and diligent in handling on time complex queries related to the project. 5-Integrate risk management In simple terms, risk management can be associated with certain technology which may warn the project team if deviations persists. 6- Emphasis on open communication- Communication is always strong key to address various issues. Honest input from the project team can be expected when manager have open door policy to listen and respect the opinions presented. (Tomtsongas, 2011) Risk Management Plan Risk management honestly becomes more nerve-wracking when project also involve international partners because at that point of time, project managers and team not deal internal pressures but also international interaction bring changes. Projects with international involvement need the protocol of contingency to be prepared in advance and thus, level of risk is manageable even in case of high uncertainty. (Dcosta, 2015) Project risk management strategy for complex projects involving international partner organization: 1-Identification of project risk: It is the initial step in the process to tackle risk factors. Risk factors must be evaluated on their chances of occurrence such as almost certain, likely, moderate, Unlikely or rare and according plans are made. Once the occurrence chances are on the analysis, further impact of the risk need to be analyzed. Projects are the lifelines of the business and managing projects without doing proper SWOT analysis is putting the money to waste because investors in the project will not be in situation of earning good yield. It also degrade business manage strategies. 2-Risk analysis and actionable item- After the potential risk factors are analyzed and there is clear picture on what is the action on the risk factors, detail analysis is required on important factor of how much risk will impact whether impact will be extreme, very high, moderate, low or negligible. There may be numerous risk factors and each of them will different treatment depending on their impact factors. Acceptable risk and acceptable impact of risk will differ from business to business and also on their financial structure so business have international partner organizations should quantify on priority the degree of risk factors and how much should be in tolerance without affecting the original goals of the business project. (Scheid, 2013) 3-Foreign exchange fluctuations- When an international partner organization is involved in the project, foreign exchange fluctuations have impact on the valuation of the project and should be taken care through initial set up of the project. 4-Risk categorization Treating the risk with best eligible solution is the key in management of projects. In general, project managers are not anxious by low risk and very low risk because impact by such risk factors is negligible. However, risk factors from moderate to extreme need strategic planning to handle them and therefore risk profiles must be developed in order to monitor risk areas and countermeasures adopted for the same. Effectiveness of the plans implemented must be reviewed on periodic basis and results can be shared for future assessment. Reports analyzed must be through reliable system and feedback reports may turn useful in decision making regarding which risk to ignore and which one to pay attention. (Lang, 2009). 5-Risk Audits After the risk factors and their solutions are in place, there is need of robust audit plan to ensure success of the risk control solutions. Risk audit measures the effectiveness of the plans implemented to manage risk. Audits are the part of project review process because project managers know the importance of cost-control and budgeting in finalizing the project. (Livingstone, 2012). 6-Risk reassessment-It is never onetime thing that risk factors are analyzed and plans are implemented because continuous monitor of the process through life of the project is must to make it successful. Risk reassessment is mandatory to ensure the progress of the project is on right track and earlier detected issued are in control or are not at all there in the process. It can be said that risk reassessment is proactive process and helps in avoiding pitfalls. (Williams, 2011). Conclusion With deep analysis over risk, risk factors, sources and impacts, it can be concluded that success of the project is vital and can be recognized only when risk factors are minimized and returns are maximized. Risk supervision can captivate a substantial amount of the project design efforts and help to form cover against the market fluctuations and business uncertainty. There is strong need of proactive planning for mitigating the risk factors and current planning information of risk control can be documented for future risk analysis. We also felt that process of risk management process help management focus on priorities and in taking decisions dealing with very limited set of resources. Risk management is a process and must be inculcated in the project lifecycle. At the beginning of the project lifecycle, there should additional concentration on the opportunity factors of the project planning and same attention should be risk factors associated with the project. 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