Gun Violence in Canada

Gun violence in Canada is an issue which is evident within Canadian society, especially in the last year. The shooting in the Eaton’s Centre in Toronto recently was the largest mass shooting in its history. The reason behind the shooting was related to gang violence in the area, therefore there is a social issue that demands solution. Gun violence in Canada is generally on the low end of the overall crime rate, and in recent years the severity of crime was down four percent, but this does not mean there is no reason for alarm anymore.A Statistics Canada study on criminal code statistics offer misleading information on the severity of the situation, this includes gun violence. A past Statistics Canada study based on 2009 data showed that only 31 percent of the most common types of crimes were reported, therefore there is 69 percent that has not been recorded leaving a gap in the knowledge we have about the true violence within Canada (Ottawa Citizen,2012). Gun violence is as Gl obal Mail see’s it an expression on manly rage, but I do not agree with this accusation.Gun violence in Canada is a social issue in relation to gang violence, and although this crime rate is not on the rise it cannot be taken lightly and it is not to be blamed as an expression of manly rage also known as pistolization. As the Globe and Mail states two weeks after the shooting in Toronto’s Eaton’s Centre, Police Chief Bill Blair sees the gang violence at its root (Globe and Mail, Aug 2012). Gang violence is the cause for the largest mass shooting Toronto has ever seen, but it is also the basis for any other reported shooting in the Toronto area, along with the rest of Canada.The solution is to prevent the young men in and around the communities with the highest recorded gang violence from joining or going down the path of gang violence. Catching them at a young age is easy, young men are easily influenced and this is generally how they join a gang in the first pl ace. Therefore, if society gives those who are in a higher risked neighbourhood the attention they need, gang violence may decrease. With this decrease will come the decrease of criminal rates, this includes gun violence.Young men who are brought up in a home with risk factors such as domestic abuse and alcoholism are prone to being initiated into a gang. Solutions such as summer employment programs are the best options for these kids. Helping these children may also change Canadians views on the issue of gun violence. People’s impressions of crime are formed by more than what is captured by official crime stats (Ottawa Citizen, 2012). Statistics Canada does not report all they are informed about, Canadians then take what they hear on the news and what they experience for themselves when understanding violence, this gives them a false understanding.People are not that concerned for their own general safety, this may be because of how little we know but at least from what we d o understand we are trying to change. It would be the best viable option if Canadians were to be informed more in terms of violence in Canada. Crime is a problem even if crime rates are diminishing, and although many of us are not in imminent danger we still need to change for the future. That is why dealing with young men before they curb to the norms of gang violence would be the best long lasting solution.In opposition to this belief, blaming gun violence in Canada on pistolization is not the most appropriate way in dealing with this issue. Although it is obvious that gun crimes are nearly always perpetrated by men does not mean that gun violence is a problem of men’s social-psychological dimensions (Globe and Mail, July 2012). We live in a culture that gun violence is all over the media, whether it be in video games or in movies. There is proof that men tend to be more susceptible to any sort of violence, but just because gun violence falls under this category does not me an there is a social psychological problem.Women can be part of the same crimes as men, the only reason the rate for women is lower is because we still live in a society where the media is still geared towards men. It is also unwise to believe that gun violence coming from men is a form of status anxiety and that the culture has been significantly shaped by pistolization and guns are being used as a weapon for acting out (Globe and Mail, July 2012). Blaming gun violence in Canada on drug dealing because there is no form of legal recourse is a scapegoat.It is true that drug deals can be violent if a merchandiser or customer of drugs does not live up to their end of the bargain, but to blame gun violence in Canada on this is inappropriate. It would be understandable if one was in Columbia, due to the amount of cocaine that is imported and exported from there, but Canada has never been one of the top countries in drug solicitation. These issues are complex, and they are merely speculat ions of the plausible explanation of gun violence in Canada.Gun violence in Canada is not to be blamed on expression of manly rage which is pistolization; it instead is due to the social issue in relation to gang violence and diminishing crime rates. Gang violence is the leading cause to gun violence in Canada, the best long lasting solution to ensure that crime rates do not raise is to deal with young men before they are influenced into joining a gang. Crime rates from Statistics Canada give a false apparition into the true violence that is evident in Canada.Both the media and government know either too much or too little but whatever the case may be they are not giving the full story to the Canadian public. Canadians are little concerned with their safety due to the diminutive knowledge they have been given. Their impression of Canada may change if they had the whole story, but this is not the case. The blame of gun violence being either because of pistolization or drug abuse in C anada is not a viable argument. In turn, gun violence in Canada is due to gang violence and is best dealt with in the neighbourhoods with higher rated crimes before they grow in numbers and moved on to new communities.

Night World : Black Dawn Chapter 4

Maggie was dreaming. She knew she was dreaming, and that was strange enough, but what was even stranger was the fact that she knew it wasn'tan ordinary dream. This was something†¦that came from outside her, that was being †¦ sent. Some deep part ofher mind fumbled for the proper words, seethingwith frustration, even while the normal part of her was busy staring around her and being afraid. Mist. Mist everywhere, white tendrils that snakedgracefully across her vision and coiled around herlike genii that had just been let out of lamps. She had the feeling that there were dark shapes out inthe mist; she seemed to see them looming out of the corner of her eye, but as soon as she turned they were obscured again. Gooseflesh rose on Maggie's arms. It wasn't justthe touch of the mist. There was a noise that madethe hairs on the back of her neck tingle. It was justat the threshold of hearing, distorted by distanceor something else, and it seemed to be calling overand over again, â€Å"Who are you?† Give me a break,Maggie thought. She shook herhead hard to get rid of the prickly feeling on herneck. This is just way too†¦too Gothic.Do Ialways have corny dreams like this? But the next moment something happened thatsent a new chill washing over her, this time oneof simple, everyday alarm. Something was comingthrough the mist, fast. She turned, stiffening. And then, strangely, everything seemed to change at once. The mist began to recede. She saw a figure, darkagainst it, nothing more than a silhouette at first.For just an instant she thought of Miles-but thethought was gone almost as quickly as it came. Itwas a boy, but a stranger, she could tell by theshape of him and the way he moved. He wasbreathing hard and calling in a desperate voice,†Where are you? Where are you?† So that was it. Not â€Å"Whoare you,† Maggiethought. â€Å"Where are you? Maggie! Where are you?† The sound of her own name startled her. Buteven as she drew in a sharp breath, he turned andsaw her. And stopped short. The mist was almost gonenow and she could see his face. His expression wasone of wonder and relief and joy. â€Å"Maggie,† he whispered. Maggie stood rooted to the spot. She didn't knowhim. She was positive she had never seen him before. But he was staring at herasif†¦ asif shewere the most important thing in the universe tohim, and he'd been searching for her for years untilhe'd almost given up hope. She was too astonished to moveashe suddenly erupted from stillness. In three long steps he was in front of her, his handsclosing on her shoulders. Gently. Not possessively. Butasif he had theabsolute right to do this, andasif he needed toconvince himself she was real. â€Å"It worked. I got through,† he said. He was the most striking person she'd ever seen.Dark hair, a little rough and tousled, with a tendency to wave. Smooth fair skin, elegant bones. A mouth that lookedasif it normally might be proud and willful, but right now was simply vulnerable. And fearless, brilliant yellow eyes. It was those eyes that held her, arresting andstartling in an already distinctive face. No, she hadnever seen him before. She would have remembered. He was a whole head taller than she was, andlithe and nicely muscled. But Maggie didn't have a feeling of being overpowered. There was so muchtender anxiety in his face, and something nearpleading in those fierce, blacklashed golden eyes. â€Å"Listen, I know you don't understand, and I'msorry. But it was so hard getting through-andthere isn't much time.† Dazed and bewildered, Maggie latched onto thelast sentence almost mechanically. â€Å"What do you mean-getting through?† â€Å"Never mind. Maggie, you have to leave; do youunderstand that? As soonas you wake up, you getout of here.† â€Å"Leave where?†Maggie was more confused than ever, not for lack of information, but because she was suddenly threatened by too much of it. Sheneeded to remember-where had she gone tosleep? Something had happened, something involv ing Miles. She'd been worried about him†¦. â€Å"My brother,† she said with sudden urgency. â€Å"I was looking for my brother. I need to find him.†Even though she couldn't remember exactly why. The golden eyes clouded over. â€Å"You can't thinkabout him now. I'm sorry.† â€Å"You know something a-â€Å" â€Å"Maggie, the important thing is for you to getaway safe. And to do that you have to go as soonas you wake up. I'm going to show you the way.† He pointed through the mist, and suddenly Maggie could see a landscape, distant but clear, like afilm being projected on a veil of smoke. â€Å"There's a pass, just below the big overhanging rock. Do you see it?† Maggie didn't understand why she needed to see it. She didn't recognize the landscape, although it might have been anywhere in the Olympics or theCascade mountain range above the tree line. â€Å"First you find the place where you see threepeaks together, the same height and leaning towardeach other. Do you see? And then you look downuntil you find the overhanging rock. It's shaped like a wave breaking. Do you see?† His voice was so urgent and imperious that Maggie had to answer. â€Å"I see. But-â€Å" â€Å"Remember it. Find it. Go and never look back. If you get away all right, the rest doesn't matter.† His face was pale now, the features carved in ice.†The whole world can fall into ruin, for all I care.† And then, with the suddenness that characterizedallhis movements, he leaned forward and kissedher. A nice kiss, on the cheek. She felt his warm, quick breath there, then his lips pressing lightly, and then a sudden quivering in them, asif he wereovercome by some strong emotion. Passion, maybe, or excruciating sadness. â€Å"I love you,† he whispered, his breath stirring thehair by her ear. â€Å"I did love you. Always remember that.† Maggie was dizzy with confusion. She didn't understand anything, and she should push this stranger away. But she didn't want to. Howeverfrightened she was, it wasn't of him. In fact, shehad an irresistible feeling of peace and security inhis arms. A feeling of belonging. â€Å"Who are you?† she whispered. But beforehecould answer,everythingchanged again. The mist came back. Not slowly, but like fog rolling in, quick and silent, muffling everything. Thewarm, solid body against Maggie's suddenlyseemed insubstantial, as if it were made of fogitself. â€Å"Wait a minute-† She could hear her voice rising in panic, but deadened by the pearly cocoonaround her. And then†¦lie was gone. Her arms were holding only emptiness. And all she could see was white.

Aplastic Anemia Essays - Transplantation Medicine, Stem Cells

Aplastic Anemia Aplastic anemia is a disease of the bone marrow the organ that produces the body's blood cells. Approximately two thousand people in the U.S. are diagnosed each year with aplastic anemia. The symptoms of aplastic anemia are fatigue, bruising, infections, and weakness. Although these symptoms are much like those associated with leukemia, aplastic anemia is not a form of cancer. In patients with aplastic anemia the bone marrow stops producing, or produces too few red blood cells, white blood cells, and platelets. Without sufficient red blood cells, oxygen cannot reach organs and tissues throughout the body. A decrease in the number of white blood cells causes the body's ability to fight infection as well as it should. Platelets are needed to help blood clot (Bone). Although the exact cause of aplastic anemia is not known, most evidence points to a combination of factors. The first factor is damaged stem cells. These are the primitive cells in the bone marrow that produce blood cells. Another factor is damage to the bone marrow environment in which blood cells develop (Aplastic). Other factors include abnormalities in the proteins that regulate blood cell production and a malfunctioning immune system that interferes with the normal blood cell production (Bone). Certain environmental factors have been associated with the development of aplastic anemia. Chemotherapy drugs such as busulfan or antibiotics such as chloraphenicol can cause temporary or prolonged aplastic anemia. Chemicals such as benzene and pesticides, infections such as viral hepatitis and mononucleosis, autoimmune disorders and ionizing radiation also have been linked to the development of aplastic anemia. Although exposure to these agents increases the risk of developing aplastic anemia, it is proven that they are not the sole cause of aplastic anemia (Aplastic). Aplastic anemia was once considered incurable. Today, more than fifty percent of patients diagnosed with aplastic anemia can be cured. For patients under the age of fifty and those over fifty that are in good health, the treatment of choice is a bone marrow transplant (National). However, more than half of the patients that are diagnosed are ineligible foe a bone marrow transplant because of age or the lack of a suitable bone marrow donor. For these patients, the preferred treatment is immunosuppressive therapy consisting of injections of antithymocyte globulin (ATG), with or without oral closporine. ATG therapy boosts the production of red blood cells, blood cells, and platelets in thirty to fifty percent of patients. In some cases, blood cell production returns to normal, while in others it returns to a level that allows the patient to have a normal lifestyle (Aplastic). Approximately ten to fifteen percent of patients who initially respond to ATG therapy have the disease relapse during the first twelve months following treatment. Another round of ATG therapy may be administered in an effort to bring blood cell production back to an acceptable level. Some patients who respond to ATG therapy eventually develop another bone marrow disorder such as myelogenous syndrome or acute nonmyelogenous leukemia. These disorders may be temporarily treatable, but are seldom curable. Overall, between thirty and forty percent of patients treated with ATG therapy become long term survivors and the majority of these long term survivors appear to be cured (Aplastic). Patients who have a relative with matching bone marrow have a seventy to ninety percent chance of being cured following a bone marrow transplant. Patients transplanted with marrow from a related donor whose marrow type nearly matches the patient's have a fifty percent chance of being cured. If marrow from a matched unrelated donor is used, the likelihood of a cure is twenty to thirty percent (Bone). Physicians determine whether a donor's marrow type matches the patient's by examining genetic markers on the surface of white blood cells called HLA antigens. These are the antigens that help the body identify invading organisms, and trigger an immune system attack on any substances that do not belong in that particular person's body, such as viruses and bacteria (Severe). If the patient's and donor's HLA antigens do not match, the patient's body will perceive the donor's bone marrow as foreign material to be destroyed. This condition is called graft rejection and results in a failed bone marrow transplant.

Current event summary Article Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Current event summary - Article Example According to Obama, there are other ideas to improve the nation’s economy which he would discuss in the coming days. He emphasized that despite a 10-day vacation spent at Martha’s Vineyard, the status of the nation’s economy through continued assistance in small businesses, among others, remain in his agenda. Obama clearly indicated that â€Å""every single day, Im pushing this economy forward, repairing the damage thats been done to the middle class over the past decade and promoting the growth we need to get out people back to work" (msnbc, 2010, par. 8). There was related news in the areas of spurring economic activities in the form of â€Å"extending Bush tax cuts due to expire this year for households making under $250,000 a year, upping the nations investment in clean energy, rebuilding more roads and highways and tax cuts designed to keep jobs in the United States† (msnbc, 2010, par. 4). By assisting small businesses, employment in these organizations would be secured and contribute to economic growth and enhanced competitiveness in the long

Problems with Degu as a result of Incorrect Feeding Coursework

Problems with Degu as a result of Incorrect Feeding - Coursework Example This makes them drink more water and urinate more. If there is too much fat in the food, this causes liver problems in especially female degus who are in fertile age. This results in a drastic increase in weight. Diarrhea is another problem that may occur in degus when they eat too much of something, like a fruit or a vegetable sprayed with chemicals. They will mess around in little bits instead of large droppings. Constipation is caused by incorrect feedings like not taking enough water or dehydration. Overfeeding or unrestricted feeding results in obesity which may also result from diabetes and hepatitis. Hepatitis occurs when degu’s diet contains too much of protein or fat. Degu may also become lethargic and stressful resulting in temperament changes and weakness, a condition called anorexia caused by malnutrition or deficiency of vitamin C. However, excess of vitamin C causes breeding problems like a reproductive failure in male degus. Stress or lack of iron in the diet ma y result in alopecia that causes fur loss. Imbalanced diet for longer periods may also result in degu’s death. To prevent these problems, degu’s diet must be moderated according to the recommended 10 grams of food for a degu per day. Diet should not be high in protein, fat, and sugar. Water should always be available for him. It is important not to breed from degus who have had diabetes in their history. Good exercise levels should be maintained for degus by providing him running wheels and time out of the cage.

Kungfu film Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Kungfu film - Essay Example The anti-imperial themes inherent in the Kung Fu and Wuxia films did hold much socio economic appeal in the Chinese and Western culture. It is a fact that everybody tends to harbor sympathy for the underdog. The anti imperialist and anti elite sentiments inherent in the Kung Fu and Wuxia films did appeal to the sentiments of sympathy and awe of the audiences in the Chinese and the Western culture. Both the Kung Fu and Wuxia films do feature the socially marginalized and sidelined characters that fight against the prevalent socio-economic hegemony and revolt against the dominant elite sections of the society. The audiences in the Western and Chinese culture did empathize a lot with the Kung Fu and Wuxia film heroes fighting against the prevalent prejudice, social marginalization and racial discrimination. By doing so these heroes voiced the concerns of the undergo that primarily contributed to their appeal amidst the Chinese and Western audience. Both the Kung Fu and Wuxia films featu re central characters that raise a voice against the elite segments of the society. Thereby it is readily feasible to understand the grass root appeal of these movies in the Western and Chinese culture. The Kung Fu and Wuxia movies did cater to the sentiments of the working class in the Chinese and the Western cultures. Thereby, they accrue immense appeal and following amongst the working class audience. These films did allow them a chance to catharsis and vent out their repressed grudge and anger against a socio economic system dominated by the rich and the

Marketing planning Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

Marketing planning - Assignment Example In addition, there are approximately 20,000 garages and other service outlets, which involve in selling of new tyres as a segment of a broader service offering. The whole industry combined employs near about 16,000 people. The tyre retail sector is also engaged in the sales of replacement tyres. The value of sales amounts to about  £3.2 billion a year. Even though automobile tyre industry is an exuberant sector, which has witnessed an unprecedented growth over the past few years, concentration of internet retailers, often termed as e-retailers, remains quite small (3%). However, in the recent past, concentration of the same seems to be growing at a rapid rate with many players entering the already competitive market. With the scenarios presented above, it is quite clear that the competition that Guildford Tyres Co. Ltd. deals with is immense. They are tyre retail and automotive service specialist, who have been in service since 1967. It is a family owned and administered business, which has become the leading autonomous tyre specialist in the county of Surrey within the United Kingdom (Guildford Tyre Company,  2012a). The products sold by the company ranges from car tyres, 4x4 tyres,  van tyres, cycle tyres, motorcycle tyres, wheels, brakes, batteries to shock absorbers (Guildford Tyre Company,  2012b). The services offered by the company includes tyre fitting, mobile tyre fitting,  wheel alignment and servicing, puncture repairs, tyre wholesale and other associated services (Guildford Tyre Company,  2012c). The political landscape of the UK is established in the ethos democracy and steady framework of governance, which ensures a certain degree of uniformity in its policies. After the world wars, the UK established itself as a major global force, which was stimulated by a swift economic development. One of the major contributors of this development was the tyre industry and it continues to be the same in the contemporary society. UK’s strong trade

Try to pick something thats not boring Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words - 1

Try to pick something thats not boring - Essay Example Every parent of every American child is responsible for the health and well being of their child so they need to be actively inculcating and encouraging a momentum towards a healthy lifestyle and healthy eating habits within and outside the home. Doctors, scientists and health promoters expound advice telling us that although obesity can sometimes be caused by physiological factors, such as genetics, hormonal problems or slow metabolism, it is more commonly caused by poor diet. We are told that obesity is the result of eating more calories than necessary and indulging in a diet high in saturated fats and sugars, or leading an inactive life, or both; it increases the risk of heart disease, diabetes and strokes, as well as other emotional and psychological problems. Without doubt however, obesity is growing rapidly in the United States in adults and children. The First Lady’s Move to Schools campaign is a step in the right direction, and the â€Å"project is a small piece of the big picture† (Sweet, 2010) but the problem of obesity is multifaceted and the solution cannot rest on government campaigns, Acts or Legislations; the problem requires cooperation and action from everybody, including schools, health providers, food industries and most importantly the American public themselves. Governments and other stakeholders can advise, promote and assist in promoting healthy lifestyles but the reality is that it is up to the individual to make choices and it is up to the parents to make the right choices for their children. Obesity may be caused by wrong diet but we also need to consider other factors that impact on the issue; factors like the environment which in itself promotes a more sedentary lifestyle than in the past with more public transport options, more convenience stores, inadequate security in parks, unsafe walking areas and poor

ECommerce and ECRM and eCommerce Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

ECommerce and ECRM and eCommerce - Essay Example Businesses and other productive sectors used to experience problems carrying out their duties due the communication breakdown and the ineffective methods which used to exist (Barnes, 2000 P. 34). According to Mwenda (2004), for one to appreciate the importance the new computer-aided communication can have, he/she must consider the dynamics of the same in that, it has made the world a global village since every one of us can communicate with his/her accomplices every where they are instantly (P. 41). Businesses have been made efficient since the transactions are made over the net in a faster way than we could have imagined sometimes back, advertisements are nowadays being made over the net, which is cheap. The important sectors of our economies are now safe in terms of communication due to the coming of this technology. Internet has been used for so many beneficial activities in sports, culture and the general wellbeing oh the human race (Richmond, J 2003 P. 102). On the same note, websites are being used by organizations to market their products and also to carry out transactions. For them to be efficient they should be well planned for and the organization of the materials should be in order. In addition, it should be attractive for the users. Intuitive and good level of innovation as well as easy navigation is an important issue for every website that is to sell the ideas of an organization. Poorly designed web pages cause confusion, frustration and total dissatisfaction to would be potential customers. This can sometimes cause them to opt out of using your services and consider using that of your competitor. With website metrics data, a company can test different operations to see how potential customers react and view the data to determine the overall navigation style for your site to take a notch higher. The use of website metrics is also called website analytics and is a tool for enhancing customers experience as well as ensuring that

Design in 21 Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Design in 21 - Research Paper Example Steve Jobs also grew up in a period where there was freedom of expression, in America, and when the culture was very tolerant and open. In college, the favorite subject of Steve Jobs was typography. He was able to make a connection on how fonts were able to influence the contents of a design and their audience. Steve Jobs spent most of his years studying the philosophies of eastern nations, and their holistic values (Shea, 11). These values are all manifested into the product philosophy of Apples, through its production of a seamless, sleek, simple and integrated design. The first product made by Apple that was able to change the field of design is the invention and the design of the Macintosh computer system which had a Graphic User Interface (GUI). This computer system was introduced in 1983, and it was meant for designers (lumenthal, 23). This system came with an input device and a mouse which would make it possible for an individual to allow computer drawings, and accurate cursor control. This system also came with a MacPaint, MacWrite and other fonts which allowed designers to lay out pages that they could print. On this basis, this design by Apples ushered in a new period of Desktop Publishing. This completely changed the field of design, by ushering in, the era of digital design (Shea, 33). On this basis, the computer systems that were using Apple’s GUI became a standard system for all computers that were being manufactured worldwide. The demands of GUI enabled computers were very high, and they revolutionalized the design world whereby the digital artist had a new media platform that could help him or her to create and design products (lumenthal, 22). Following the successes of these Macintosh computers, Steve Jobs and Apples separated for a period of ten years. Steve Jobs pursued his business interests by developing computer software’s that were able to be used in the fields of animations. However, after ten years, Steve Jobs was able to

Canada’s Most Defining Moments Essay Example for Free

Canada’s Most Defining Moments Essay Canada is a one of the wealthiest countries in the world but Canada didn’t just become wealthy overnight. Canada has many accomplishments and failures but the most defining moments in Canadian history were both the failures and accomplishments in the economy or economy related. The three most defining moments in Canadian history were; the stock market crash, which led to the â€Å"Great Depression†, the baby boom on the other hand led to increases in jobs during the 1960’s, and finally GST replaced â€Å"Manufacture Sales Tax† (MST) in 1990. The morning of October 24th 1929 is known as â€Å"Black Thursday† because on this day the stock market crashed in America but it affected most of the world including Canada. The cause of this crash in Canada was because of citizens buying ‘on margin’ which is borrowing money from banks and only putting down 10-20% of the loan. The crash caused the 1930’s to be a period of great depression for citizens. This brought the country into a state of panic and many people committed suicide because of the stock market crash. In only 2 days the market had dropped an average of 20%. The stock market crash was a spark that led Canada and many other countries into a â€Å"Great Depression†. Other factors that contributed to Canada’s Great Depression were: the dependence on the United States, over-production and over-expansion, and dependence on the primary industry, these were all long term causes. Many companies in Canada were in debt because of over-pro duction and over-expansion. This caused many of those companies to crumble and if these companies were still up and running they could have brought Canada money from international trade. Companies weren’t the only businesses effected, farming, logging, mining, and pretty much the entire primary industry was falling and Canada wasn’t producing any money and practically all exports were to a halt. The Great Depression was stopped by the start of the second world war because of people desperately looking for jobs, so they joined the army. Canada became a more feared country, thus Canada helped win battles like D-Day and the Italian Campaign. Along with the success Canada has had in world war two, the baby boom generation occurred between 1945 to 1964, which increased the population. The cause of the baby boom was essentially the great depression because numerous Canadians enrolled in the military. Canadians want to make a quick buck and not expecting to fight for years. Canadians went to battle for six years without women and when soldiers returned from the war they had an urge for intercourse with their girlfriends or wives and that’s what started the baby boom. The next generation would need to produce more consumer items and build more houses due to the sheer number of baby boomers, more power and water would also be required to run those homes. Therefore with these new demands we need to open more jobs to satisfy those demands. The baby boomer generation is even effecting us now, 66 years later. They are going to soon influence skill trades in Canada because the baby boomers in those jobs are near retirement. There is going to be a shortage of people to fill those jobs; especially because of parents wanting their children to go to university, therefore not getting a job in the skill trades. Many jobs like caregivers for example will require more people because of the sudden increase in elderly citizens. We are also going to need to pay for the baby boomer’s healthcare and security income and that will come from our taxes. Canada could be in trouble for the future because we don’t have the people to fill those jobs and we don’t have the money to pay for their health care and security insurance. The Canadian government can’t pay for the health care and security insurance without enforcing some type of tax, and that is exactly what they did. Prime minister Brian Mulroney and financial minister Michael Wilson introduced the idea of a Goods and Services Tax (GST) to replace Manufacture Service Tax (MST) and Federal Telecommunication Tax. This new tax is suppose to be implemented to all provinces except Alberta because they already had their own sales tax at a retail level. GST saved Canada from debt of the first world war, even though GST wasn’t introduced until 1990, MST was the little brother of GST. The government decided that MST was the best way to pay for the debt and essentially it was, but most Canadians and manufacturers strongly disliked this tax. GST was promoted as revenue-neutral in relation to the MST, the shifting of the tax away from exported manufactured goods would make life more costly for Canadians. Thus Canadians were against GST and manufactures were worried that the tax would hurt their sales internationally. The GST is affecting us every day, because if you are Canadian and you pay for a product or service; you are hit with a 13% fee and that is HST (PST and GST combined). The most critical moments in Canadian history were all economic related. Once the stock market crashed in 1929, it caused panic, mayhem, and an economic crisis of great magnitude. The baby boom was a complete opposite; it gave Canadians more jobs and soon we are going to have too many jobs and not enough people to fill those jobs in the 1960’s. GST is still Affects our everyday lives because everyone pays taxes when buying a consumer product and it has been that way since 1990. Canada could be in trouble economically in the near future. Since the baby boom is retiring; I would predict that Canadians will have to paying more taxes due to the extra costs of healthcare and as throughout history, Canadians have had a burning hatred towards taxes and especially increases in those taxes. This could possibly cause an uproar in the future.

Good cancer pain management can help patients feel better Essay Example for Free

Good cancer pain management can help patients feel better Essay Most cancer patients suffer from pain in varying degrees during their illness. The management of this pain and its relationship in improving the wellbeing of the patient is the primary focus of this study. This paper approached the study by researching articles that dealt with pain management from different angles. After critical analysis of these articles this paper will arrive at a conclusion that addresses the research question.   The topics reviewed included: 1. The use of a clinical instruction module (CLIM) for hospice nurses to upgrade their skills (Plymale, M. et al, 2001) 2. The role of cognition in promoting the psychological well being of the patient (Chen, Mei-Ling. 2002) 3. The use of pain management autobiographies to discover how best to deal with pain management (Schumacher, K. et al. 2001) 4. Overcoming patient related barriers to pain management by educating them (Chang, Ming-Chuan. 2002) 5. Providing a description of advanced cancer pain in home hospice subjects to enable the caregivers to alleviate their suffering (Dobratz, M. 2001) The material for this study was searched from the University of Wollongong database of Medline. The key words in the search for journal articles were nursing, research and cancer pain.   Articles were chosen for their relevance to the research question and the findings they came up with. Information that was obtained from these studies enabled the writer to draw important conclusions as concerns pain management in cancer patients with pain. The research is of extreme importance to the writer. I lost my husband to cancer. The trauma we all went through watching him in pain gave me a new impetus to do all in my power to ensure that no other patient will need to go through the same suffering as he did. As I continue to practice, I would like to contribute to breaking new ground in pain management in cancer patients; especially as concerns alleviating their pain and improving their quality of life. Article 1 In an article entitled ‘Cancer Pain Education: A Structured Clinical Instruction Module For Hospice Nurses’, appearing in the journal ‘Cancer Nursing ‘,Plymale M. et al (2001) studied the effect of pain education on the quality of service by caregivers. The research aimed to determine whether educating nurses on pain management will improve their ability to assess and manage pain in cancer patients. A clinical instruction module (CLIM) based on cancer pain management and assessment skills was administered to 25 hospice nurses whose average field practice was 4.1 years (Plymale M. et al. 2001, p. 424).The course involved the nurses going round 8 stations focussing on   different aspects of cancer pain, assessing 5 cancer survivors and one actor. They carried out tests on various aspects of pain management. Prior to and after the exercise the nurses self assessed their skills in pain management using a 5-point Likert scale ranging from 1(not competent) to 5(v ery competent). They also evaluated the CLIM on a similar scale. (1= strongly disagree; 5= strongly agree) All participants agreed that the course helped improve their competence in the teaching items that were being addressed. The use of patients with cancer was considered more beneficial as opposed to having actors. Nurses that felt competent enough before the course did not perceive any noticeable improvement in their abilities in the post exercise self assessment. This finding is consistent with the view that hospice nurses are more competent in dealing with cancer pain management than those nurses working in hospitals. Those who assessed themselves as not competent indicated a higher assessment of themselves after the course. In a further study conducted among post instruction medical students, those trained using a CLIM on pain management did better than those schooled it traditional methods. (Sloan P.A. et al., 2001, 112)     Ã‚  There is an urgent need to introduce CLIM’s addressing pain assessment and management in the teaching courses for all nurses and caregivers in a bid to improve their skills and service delivery. The more competent the nurses the better will be the treatment of patients in prolonging their lives and alleviating the pain they go through. A significant observation of this study is the competence level of hospice nurses was higher than that of their counterparts. It is advisable to seek their input in developing manuals and modules of this nature as they have first hand knowledge that is invaluable to this area of study. Article 2 ‘Pain And Hope in Patients with Cancer’, an article written by Chen, Mei-Ling and appearing in the journal ‘Cancer Nursing’ (2003) examines the relationship between pain and hope in cancer patients. Hope is a therapeutic factor in the treatment of any disease including cancer. Patients with high levels of hope coped better with the disease than did those who dwelt on the hopelessness of their situation. The hopeful patients on average tended to live longer and had extended periods of remission. This study had three main purposes; i. Examine the effect of disease status on hope levels among patients with cancer who have pain ii. Compare the level of hope between patients with cancer that have pain and those who do not iii. Determine which dimensions of pain are associated with hope (Chen, Mei-Ling. 2002, p.62) The conceptual framework for the study was based on the ‘self- regulation model of coping with health threats’. (Chen, Mei-Ling. 2002, p.62) The main emphasis is on how people cope with their health problems in their own unique ways. Personal beliefs, religious orientation, cultural practises and previous experiences all work to determine a patient’s attitude towards his illness.(Donavan, H.S., Ward, S., 2001, pp. 211 – 216) Any one of the factors mentioned will have a bearing on the hope levels of the individual. The study employed the use of the Herth Hope Index (HHI) to assess the level of hope. It sampled 274 inpatients with cancer at two medical centres in Taiwan. 226 of them finalised the survey and the analysis was based on their responses. The study used Perceived Meaning of Cancer Pain Inventory (PMCPI) to measure the meanings that patients ascribed to their pain. Four subscales were used and these were challenge, threat, spiritual awareness and loss. The findings showed that in cancer patients with pain and those without pain, the hope levels did not differ. However, sensory dimensions of pain showed a link between the bearable pain intensity and level of hope (Chen, Mei-Ling. 2002, p. 65) The findings supported the view that the hope levels in patients were higher in those who were able to tolerate more pain. Perception of one’s pain played an important role in the way one held on to hope. Those who viewed the pain as a challenge were more hopeful than those who took it from a negative perspective. In assessing one’s reaction to treatment, it is notable that the findings showed no difference in hope levels for those patients who were unsure of the effect of treatment and those who affirmed that the treatment was working positively.

Theories of the Causes of Black Holes

Theories of the Causes of Black Holes Black Holes The phrase â€Å"black holes† is introduced to scientific world not by a physicist but a journalist, Ann Ewing in 1964, who made a report on a meeting of the American Association for the Advancement of Science (Ewing, 1964). Some elegant French argued that the phrase has annoying sexual insinuation. After that, the famous physics John Wheeler spread the â€Å"black holes† widely in physics and the public view. Actually the concept of an object so massive that even the light can’t be escaped is proposed by Michell (1783), as well as by Laplace (Gillispie, 2000) But this idea was so radical at that time when the light was thought to be massless. The golden age of black holes came along with the establishment of the generally relativity by A. Einstein (OConnor, 1996). Schwarzschild and Droste solved the Einstein field equations independently and a solution describing a point mass was found (Schwarzchild, 1916; Droste, 1917). The properties of the black holes are dev eloped and explained by a group of important works. G. Lemaitre and R. Oppenheimer have interpreted the singularity (Hooft, 2009; Ruffini, 1971). The event horizon is defined as a boundary inspace and time, inside which an event can’t be observed by the outsider (Wheeler, 2007). The no-hair theory of the black hole is completed by the work of Carter (1971), Israel (1967) and Robinson (1975), declaring that a stationary black hole can be described by only three parameters: the mass, the charge and the angular momentum. The black hole thermodynamics is interpreted by Bardeen et al. (1973). In order to get a direct physical picture of a black hole, an illustration of a non-spinning black hole is given. Based on mathematically solution, a non-spinning black hole possesses a spherically symmetric boundary, which is also the event horizon. The center of the non-spinning black hole is a singularity where the gravitational forces become infinite. The distance between the singularity and the event horizon is called the Schwarzschild radius. The surface gravity of a stationary black hole is constant over the event horizon. One thing to be noted, it is impossible by any procedure, no matter how idealized, to reduce the surface gravity to zero by a finite sequence of operations. Aphoton sphere, the radius of which is 1.5 times of the Schwarzschild radius, is a  spherical  special region where  gravity  forces the  photons  to travel in orbits. Generally the black hole is classified to four groups according to their mass: micro, stellar, intermediate-mass and super ma ssive black hole. Generally the size of a black hole is approximately proportional to its mass, the heavier of a black hole, the bigger of its size. A black hole with mass of 1000 times of solar mass has a radius like the earth. The formation of a black hole is a mystery. Einstein thought that the exotic object, like black holes, would not exist in nature even there are such solutions to Einstein gravitationalfield equations. However, more and more theoretical calculations and even important astronomical observations have proved that Einstein is wrong. Most astrophysicists have reached an agreement that the formation of a black hole usually evolves many stages. First the primary process of the evolution is the gravitational collapse, which is usually occurs after the death of a heavy object, like stars. When a star doesn’t have enough â€Å"fuel† to keep its temperature through nuclearreaction or the star is keeping absorbing matters around it by universalgravitation. After the collapse, if the mass of leftover exceeds over 3 to 4 times of solar mass, it has an opportunity to form a black hole. The second stage is the formation of the event horizon, which is also the way to distinguish the blac k holes and other forms of objects, such as neutron stars, which are also a result of the gravitational collapse. Thanks to the work of Kerr (2009), who proved that the event horizon could be physical not just mathematical. According to the black holes thermodynamics, the area of the event horizon of each black hole does not decrease with time. After the presence of the event horizon, a singularity will form in a black hole (Penrose, 1965). This is considered to be the third stage. A black hole can continually grow up by absorbing the matters and interstellar dust or even merges with other stars or black holes. This is considered to be a way to super massive black holes. The last stage of black holes is the evaporation. If the Hawking’s theory can be verified, a black hole is not totally black but emits its thermal radiation with a quite small quantity. This means that a black hole would loss its mass by Hawking radiation (Parikh, 2000) and vanishes eventually. Simulation res ults show that a small black hole owns very strong emission effects. The Hawking radiation will be discussed in details. Once the scientific world accepts the concept of black holes, a question is launched: are the black holes keep growing and expanding? Hawking says no! By applying quantum field theory into a stationary black hole background, he found that a black hole should radiate particles like a black body near the event horizon (Hawking, 1974). Physical picture to this bizarre phenomenon is the radiation is not come from the black holes directly, but the results of particle-antiparticle formation just beyond the event horizon. Specifically, a particle-antiparticle pair generated from the vacuum fluctuations appears close to the event horizon. One of the pair escapes forms the boundary while another one falls into it (Droste, 1917). Another interesting question is: how can be detected a black hole where even light can’t escape? The direct way is to probing the Hawking radiation, unfortunately the simulation results show that the Hawking radiation is too small to be detected from the Earth. In 2008 NASA launched the Fermi Gammar-ray Space Telescope to search the Hawking radiation which is strong in the last stage of a black hole (Naeye, 2008). Beyond the detection of Hawking radiation. Many indirect approaches to detecting black holes are proposed and realized by astrophysicists. The X-ray binaries, a binary star system, emit bright X-ray spectrum. The XUV radiation is generally considered to be caused by a compact star being accreting interstellar gas and dust. The presence of the X-ray binary gives an opportunity to locating a black hole. In 1999, Celotti reported the existence of the sofr X-ray transients and predicted that a black hole may be formed in the region (Celotti, 1999). Still more data and needed to verify this finding. Another way to detect a black hole is based on the massive gravitational effect caused by the black holes. On candidate is the gravitational lens effect which deforms the space structure to bend the light as if a lens. The way to observe the gravitational lens effect is to observe the orbit of a star near the vicinity of a black hole. The evidence of the black holes caused gravitational lens i s found by Bozza et al. (2010) around Sagittarius A*. A widely accepted view is that a super massive black holes exists in nearly the center of every galaxy, not just active ones. When an observer is falling into a black hole, what kind of experience would he have? Theorists argue that if another observer out of the black holes tries to describe the falling one he should never be able to cross the horizon. This means, the falling one should take infinite time to cross the event horizon if he were not torn apart by tidal forces even before reaching the horizon. On the other hand, for this observer falling across the event horizon, he takes only a finite proper time in his own coordinate. However, he will not find any Hawking radiation. In fact this paradox comes from the contradiction between the general gravitational theory and the quantum mechanism. The two theories are successful in their own regions, general gravitational theory for cosmic and the quantum mechanism for atomic particles, but they can’t fit each other. The funny thing is that Einstein is against the quantum mechanism even he is one of the founders to it and even he was rewarded the Nob ile Prize for his important work in quantum mechanism. Until now this is still an open question to the theoretical and astronomical physicists. The black holes attract attentions both from scientists and the public. At first, it is only a mathematical expression for a special space time structure where nothing can be escape from it and described in scientific fictions. However with the appearances of more and more indirect evidences, it turns out to be reality with certain possibility. From scientific view of point, the black holes own unique properties and components, such as singularity, the event horizon, Hawking radiation. The black holes can provide particular physical conditions where new physical laws and principles can be verified. The researches on black holes push the frontier of astronomy, including worm holes, interstellar travel between stars, cosmic settlement. Fortunately we have plenty of time, maybe millions of years. References Bardeen, J. M. et al. (1973). The four laws of black hole mechanics. Communication Mathematical Physics, Vol. 31. pp. 161-170. Bozza, V. (2010). Gravitational lensing by black holes.General Relativity and Gravitation, Vol. 42. No.42. pp. 2269–2300. Carter, B. (1971). Axisymmetric black hole has only two degrees of freedom. Physical Review Letters  Vol. 26. No. 6. pp.331-333. Celotti, A.; Miller, J. C.; Sciama, D. W. (1999). Astrophysical evidence for the existence of black holes.Classical and Quantum Gravity,  Vol. 16. No.12. pp. A3–A21. Droste, J.(1917). On the field of a single centre in Einsteins theory of gravitation, and the motion of a particle in that field.  Proceedings Royal Academy Amsterdam, Vol.19.No. 1. pp. 197–215. Droste, J.(2009). On the field of a single centre in Einsteins theory of gravitation, and the motion of a particle in that field.  Proceedings Royal Academy Amsterdam,Vol. 19. No.1. pp.197–215. Gillispie, C., Laplace, P. (2000). 1749–1827: a life in exact science. Princeton University Press. Hawking, S. W. (1974). Black hole explosions?  Nature,Vol. 248.No. 5443. pp. 30–31. Hooft, G.t. (2009). Introduction to the theory of black holes. Institute for Theoretical Physics / Spinoza Institute. pp.47–48. Israel, W. (1967). Event Horizons in Static Vacuum Space-Times.Physical Review  Vol. 164. No. 5. pp. 1776-1779. Kerr, R. P. (2009). The Kerr and Kerr-Schild metrics. Spacetime. Cambridge University Press. Michell, J. (1784).  Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society, No.74. pp. 35–57. Naeye, R.(2008). Testing fundamental physics. NASA. OConnor, J.J., and Robertson, E.F. (1996). General relativity.University of St. Andrews, Scotland. Parikh, M., Wilczek, F. (2000). Hawking radiation as tunneling. Physical Review Letters, No. 26. No. 21. pp. 1344-1346. Penrose, R.(1965). Gravitational collapse and space-time singularities. Physical Review Letters,Vol. 14. No.3. pp. 57-59. Quinion, M.(2008).  Black Hole.World Wide Words. Robinson, D. (1975). Uniqueness of the Kerr black hole.  Physical Review Letters,Vol. 34. No. 14. pp. 905-906. Ruffini, R.;Wheeler, J. A.(1971). Introducing the black hole.Physics Today,Vol. 24No. 1. pp. 30–41. Schwarzschild, K.(1916). ÃÅ"ber das gravitationsfeld eines massenpunktes nach der Einsteinschen theorie.Sitzungsberichte der Kà ¶niglich Preussischen Akademie der Wissenschaften,No. 7. pp. 189–196. Wheeler, J. Craig. (2007).  Cosmic catastrophes. Cambridge University Press.

Baruch Spinoza :: History

Baruch Spinoza The task of simply just surviving is for most of us a handful in itself in this life. However, only a few in a life time choose not to be satisfied with only just survival rather they assume the yoke of redefining life for themselves and for others. In philosophy of religion, pantheism is usually in conflict with traditional religious authority, which claims that the pantheistic belief is nothing more than a blasphemous form of idolatrous worship. A man by the name Benedictus (Baruch) Spinoza took it upon his shoulders to construct an explainable theory of this deistic belief and as a result earned the name of the father of Pantheism. I, George Meza, had the privilege of investigating the life of this rational genius as he struggled along the path of enlightenment in a society that was as different to him as his theory of ethics was to the Synagogue and the Church. Spinoza’s works ranged from the political to the theistic, from the mathematical, to even the intellectual. I ask the question what trials and troubles in the life of Baruch Spinoza could birth such a passion for what was known at the time as heretical theology. What was the impact of Spinoza’s work on our technologically advanced society that has put aside terms such as G-d and ethic and has attempted to redefine the term free will? The Spinoza family arrived in Amsterdam, via Portugal in 1498, due to persecution the family decided to go by the name Spinoza. Baruch’s father and grandfather were originally Spanish crypto-Jews -- that is, Jews who were forced to adopt Christianity in post-Islamic Spain, but secretly remained Jewish, Spinoza's parents had died when he was quite young, I believe that this was a major influence on his later work. His father Michael died when he was 21; Baruch Spinoza was born in the Amsterdam quarter of Vloedenburg (now Waterlooplein quarter), Holland in November 24, 1632. What most people don’t know is that Spinoza was born to a traditional observant Jewish home and the foundation of his theories had traditional Judaism as its backbone. As historian Paul Johnson once said, â€Å"Judaism is a highly efficient social machine for the production of intellectuals†. When Queen Isabel and King Ferdinand initiated the inquisition in 1492, Jews had to find a new place of residence that would tolerate their social and religious differences.

A Burning Intellect in Fahrenheit 451 :: Fahrenheit 451 Essays

A Burning Intellect in Fahrenheit 451 In the 1950 novel Fahrenheit 451, AUTHOR Ray Bradbury presents the now familiar images of mind controlING worlds. People now live in a world where they are blinded from the truth of the present and the past. The novel is set in the, perhaps near, future where the world is AT war, and firemen set fires instead of putting them out. Books and written knowledge ARE banned from the people, and it is the firemen's job to burn books. Firemen are the policemen of THE FUTURE. Some people have rebelled by hiding books, but have not been very successful. Most people have conformed to THE FUTURE world. Guy Montag, a fireman, is a part of the majority who have conformed. BUT throughout the novel Montag goes through a transformation, where he changes from a Conformist to a Revolutionary. Guy Montag has never questioned his job before the day he met Clarisse McClellan. FOR ONCE Montag is confronted with the idea that, he does NOT understand the whole truth about books.<WHAT DO YOU MEAN?> Montag meets Clarisse one day, as he is walking home from work, and they BEGIN A conversation. During their conversation Montag is questioned why books are illegal and why firemen burn the books. CLARISSE also asks him if he had ever read any of the books that he burned. His reply was that it is against the law. Clarisse even asks, "... long ago [did] firemen put fires out instead of going to start them?"(Fahrenheit 451, page 38) Montag replies by telling her that that is nonsense, and that "Houses have always been fireproof,..."(Fahrenheit 451, page 38) Here you can see how brainwashed and blinded the truth is for the people. Clarisse says good night to Montag, and right before she leaves she asks him, "Are you happy?"(Fahrenheit 451, page39) Before Montag can rep ly Clarisse is gone, and she leaves Montag pondering her question. As he tells himself that her question was nonsense, he starts to realize that he is not happy with his life. Someone else who changed Montag's thinking, changed it by their actions not by tell him anything.<YOU NEED TO EXPLAIN MORE SO THE READER KNOWS WHAT YOU MEAN.> One day the firemen got a call with an address of someone who was hiding books. The firemen, doing their job like always, went to the house to find the books and burn them.

My Philosophy of Teaching :: Philosophy of Education

Philosophy of Education Having graduated from a public school system, I feel my experiences and opinions are not only first hand, but they are something I should always try to consider when thinking about or dealing with my own students. As every student has, I have had great teachers as well as terrible ones; some of those teachers everyone loved or hated, and other received varied opinions about themselves from their students. The student teacher relationship is something that is unavoidable, as it should be. The reason I am pursuing teaching as my profession is because I understand that children need someone in their lives to make a difference, and if I could be that someone for only a handful of my own students, I will have succeeded. I view teaching as being more than simply showing a child how to read-as important as that is-teaching is also about showing a child the importance of self. Without self-esteem, self-discipline and self-control, there would not be many people who could make it successfully in today’s world. And if I’m successful in teaching children how to read, as well as something important about themselves, I will have helped some kids survive as adults. I don’t care anything about being the teacher that everyone thinks is so cool and loves, nor do I want to be the one that everyone hates. What I do want to be is a teacher that is respected by my students because I have been fair and have given each of them a chance to pass and succeed. I want my students to trust me. I want them to know that I am not perfect and realize that none of them are, but I do hope that they realize that I do expect from them what I would expect from my self if I were one of my own students. Knowledge of subject is next on my list of importance. I know how important it is for my self to be knowledgeable about the subject I am teaching; but no matter how much I know my students will only learn what I teach to them successfully.

Shild critical thinking questions Essay

Describe and give examples of changes in your child’s exploratory or problem solving behavior from 8 through 18 months and categorize them according to Piagetian and information processing theories. Note that 8 months is included, so you’ll need to use the time-line to look back at 8 months for examples. Starting at 8 months my child has already gone through the first 3 sub stages of Piaget’s six sub stages of the sensorimotor stage. Simple reflexes was demonstrated while feeding, first habits and primary circular reactions where shown when studying things while looking at them and not touching. Secondary circular reactions happened when playing with toys like a rattle. Coordination of secondary circular reactions were seen when you would try to find a toy that was hidden, and even if the spot was changed would still look and find it under another toy. An example of the tertiary circular reactions was when in the bath he would push his toys under water and watch how the further he pushed down the higher they would pop back up. For the beginnings of thought he now seems interested in dancing or singing along to music, and will respond to it. Information processing approach I can categorize the finding of the hidden toy as the encoding, storage and retrieval, because initially he could not find it, then could find it but not if you changed the location, and then finally could find it no matter where you hid it. Analyze your baby’s temperament in more detail at 18 months than you did at 8 months. How would you describe your baby in terms of the five aspects of temperament utilized by the Virtual Child program (activity, sociability, emotionality, aggressiveness vs. cooperativeness, and self control)? Has @NAME’s temperament been stable over the first 18 months? A blurb defining and providing examples of the five aspects of temperament is provided at 12 months, but you should seek out further explanations of temperament from your textbook. Explain how the concept of goodness of fit (also discussed in the blurb on infant temperament) applies to your interactions with your child. When looking at the 5 aspects of temperament Sebastian has been pretty much  stable over the first 18 months. When it comes to activity he has been very active, but still sleeping a good amount of time that gives him enough energy. Loves to spend time outside adventuring, but can also have calm time. Sociability has been a bit of a struggle, because he is very attached and doesn’t like new people until he is given time to warm up to them. He is a very cooperative child, actually being more so than he should be for his age, and gets along well with the other children at the daycare. Emotionality I think he is more an emotional child, as when he gets upset when says we have to part he gets rather upset, but will calm down after the event. Self-control I haven’t really seen any examples on so far, so I’m not sure how to answer that. When it comes to goodness of fit, I go along with his moods and behaviors. I wont force him one way or another to do something that d oes not suit him. Regardless of that though, it doesn’t mean I’m lax on things like rules. Were you surprised by anything in the developmental assessment at 19 months? That is, does your perception of your child’s physical, cognitive, language and social development differ from that of the developmental examiner? Give specific examples. If you were not surprised, write instead about some aspects of your child’s development that need the most work. I was not real surprised by any aspects of development. From the choices I chose I expected my child to be advanced in the cognitive aspects. I also had the feeling he was going to be overly attached which is something that really needs to be worked on because his sociability is lacking greatly because of it with people like adults and those older than him, but with other children his age he is fine. He should also work on speaking more.

A Causative Agent of Food-borne Poisoning

vitamin B complex genus Cereus is an aerobic and facultative anaerobic, gram-positive bacteria cre consume toxin- arbitrate f ar inebriety. Optimum temperature for its branch is 30-37C. However, it sack likewise tolerate a wide range of temperature some strains tail grow up to 55C while an another(prenominal)(prenominal)s burn grow at temperatures as low as 4 to 5C (Microbial Pathogen Datasheets, 2001). Many strains from dairy farm farm products ar able to thrive at set out temperatures. The minimum pH sine qua non for growth is 4. 3, while maximal pH is around 9. 3.This bacterial population grows surpass in the heraldic bearing of oxygen (Microbial Pathogen Datasheets, 2001). Nevertheless, since this species is facultative anaerobic it also grows well in anaerobic conditions (Louisiana mogul of exoteric Health, 2004). Toxin achievement has been found to be much trim down at a lower place anaerobic conditions. vitamin B complex genus Cereus is a spore- habitusi ng micro-organism which occurs naturally in more or less nutrient for thoughts. It causes two incompatible and distinct multifariousnesss of intellectual nourishment insobriety an vomit disease and a diarrhetic disorder (Louisiana Office of Public Health, 2004). vitamin B genus Cereus causes regimen-borne emetic disorder by producing a spicyly stable toxin that hold ups high temperatures and exposure to trypsin, pepsin and pH extremes. group B genus Cereus levels in forages associated with emetic form of intellectual nourishment inebriety puddle ranged from 1,000 to 50 trillion colony-forming units (cfu)/gram (Louisiana Office of Public Health, 2004). high gear numbers of bacterial population shake off been also detected in faecal samples from impact persons. Diarrhoeal illness is mediated by a heat- and acid-labile enterotoxin produced during growth of vegetational cells in the small intestine (Granum, 1994).Four different enterotoxins have been characteri zed. Two argon protein complexes much(prenominal) as non-haemolytic enterotoxin (NHE) and haemolysin BL (HBL) and two ar enterotoxic proteins such as enterotoxin T (bc-D-ENT) and cytotoxin K (Lund, DeBuyser & Granum, 2000). The occurrence of the licentiousnessl-type syndrome has been largely report in the US and Europe, where the disease has been greatly associated with foods such as meat, vegetable, domestic fowl, desserts and sauces (Giannella and Brasile, 1979).Prevalence of the regurgitate type syndrome has been reported in the United Kingdom, Canada and USA, food borne intoxication is comm scarcely associated with the consumption of cooked fried strain (Mortimer and McCann, 1974). Serotyping studies conducted by Taylor and Gilbert (1975) showed that strains from incidents of food inebriation in US and Europe characterised by a longer pensiveness detail and with diarrhoea as the main emblem have provided serotypes 2, 6, 8, 9 and 10, whereas those which caused the si ft-associated emetic illness in United Kingdom, Canada and USA were serotypes 1, 3 or 5.Bacillus genus Cereus food insobriety is aroundly associated with strain dishes, and sporadically with other food stuffs such as meat, vegetable, pasta, dairy products, sauces, soups and sweet pastries. Bacillus genus Cereus food-borne poisoning is also associated with pudding, cream, spices, dry milk, dry potatoes and spaghetti sauces. bacterial contamination of the food product by the large occurs prior to readiness. Even aft(prenominal) cooking the microbial population thrives because vegetive forms can grow over a wide range of temperatures from 25C to 42C and argon also capable of producing endotoxins.Endospores have the ability to survive super high and low temperatures. When they are allowed to cool fairly piecemeal, they once once again begin to germinate and multiply. Spores are super resistant to dry heat than dampish heat. Emetic toxins are also extremely resistant to heat. They can survive 90 min at 126C, while diarrhoeal toxins are inactivated at 56C in 5 min. Clinical exposition Bacillus genus Cereus is widely know as the etiological agent of food-borne poisoning, causing two gastrointestinal and non-gastrointestinal diseases.Both diarrhoea and regurgitation can be clearly rarified by their clinical features. Diarrhoea is kindle by heat-labile enterotoxins, while emesis is caused by a heat-stable depsipeptide toxin called cereulide (Ehling, Fricker & Scherer, 2004). The clinical syndromes associated with the diarrhoeal form of illness are longer incubation about 6 to 24 hours degree, in truth watery diarrhoea ( comparable to that of C. perfringens), forepart of reticent to severe abdominal muscle cramps, nausea and throw up in some patients, duration of illness ranges from a minimum of 20 hours to a maximum of 36 hours.Clinical features associated with the emetic form of illness are shorter incubation bound of about 1 to 6 hours, presence of vomiting and abdominal cramps diarrhoea is not severe and is present in only about a third of moved(p) individuals (similar to poisoning by S. aureus), duration of sickness ranges from 8 to 10 hours. In both types of syndromes, fever is exceptional and disease is ordinarily docile. Bacillus cereus also can cause other diseases such as local skin and wound infections, optic infections, fulminant liver failure.Invasive disease, including bacteraemia, endocarditis, osteomyelitis, pneumonia, brain abscess, and meningitis are also caused by Bacillus cereus. optic involvement includes panophthalmitis, endophthalmitis, and keratitis (Louisiana Office of Public Health, 2004). Apart, it can bring about other infections namely, pneumonia, meningitis, encephalitis, in addition to brain and liver abscesses (Drobniewski, 1993). It is a rare cause of endocarditis (Fowler et al. 2005) reported in patients with prosthetic liveliness valves, rheumatic heart disease, intravenous drug use (IV DU), and in patient with leukaemia. victuals Poisoning by other Bacillus species Toxic food poisoning is not only caused by Bacillus cereus, several other Bacillus species have also been implicated in food poisoning incidents. The most important species are B. subtilis and B. licheniformis. These organisms are capable of producing an extremely heat-stable toxin which seems very similar to the emetic type produced by B. cereus (Kramer and Gilbert, 1989). These species are widely associated with food products like meat, vegetable, flour, pastry, sausage rolls, meat pies and pastries, curries and discordant ethnic dishes with rice, and stuffed poultry.Bacillus subtilis is associated mainly with meat, vegetables in pastry, poultry products, and occasionally with bakery items such as bread, crumpets, sandwiches, and ethnic meat or seafood dishes. aliment poisoning syndrome associated with B. subtilis causes acute onset nausea, vomiting and stomach cramps, incubation range is 2-5 hours , a great deal with diarrhoea. Poisoning due to B. licheniformis shows the following symptoms diarrhoea is more common than vomiting, incubation period is about 8 hours. Another species which was single out in high numbers from rice associated with a food poisoning clap was B.pumilus. Symptoms were consistent with those similar for food poisoning by other Bacillus species than B. cereus. C. perfringens food poisoning produces a heat-labile toxin which caused predominantly lower gastrointestinal (diarrheal) disease about 12 hours subsequentlyward ingestion much similar to the diarrheal type syndrome caused by B. cereus. cutting Studies In August 2003, five nestlingren of a Belgian family became sick after eating pasta salad. The pasta salad prepared on a Friday was taken to picnic on Saturday. The leftovers had been stored in the icebox.The following Monday evening the pasta was served for supper to the children. Since the pasta had an unusual odour trio children (aged 14, 10 and 9) did not eat much, they ate very little quantities. After 6 hours the youngest child (aged 7) started vomiting and complained of respiratory distress. She was instantaneously rushed to the hospital. Upon arrival at the hospital the other 3 children also matt-up nauseous and started vomiting. The condition of all the children began to turn hence they were transported to the University Hospital in Leuven.However, during transfer, the child (aged 7) had severe pulmonary haemorrhage, quickly followed by coma, diffuse bleeding, and severe muscle cramps. She died at heart 20 minutes, at 13 hours after the intake of pasta. Autopsy report revealed the presence of Bacillus cereus in her intestine content. The other 3 children were kept under treatment for 8 days and they gradually recovered (Dierick et al. 2005). This case elucidated the probable severeness of the emetic illness, also stressing on the splendor of sufficient refrigeration of cooked food. Some B.cereus strains are known to be sychrotrophic and these strains have the maximum emetic toxin production between 12 and 15C. In the present case, the temperature of the refrigerator where the pasta salad was stored was 14C. This probably allowed B. cereus strains to multiply quickly to attain a count of more than 108 CFU/g in 3 days along with a very high toxin production (Dierick et al. 2005). Food borne poisoning was reported in a military camp in Jurong, Singapore. This food poisoning eruption involved 19 army personnel who became unwell after breakfast.All these army personnel had been served fried rice by a food kiosk in a civilian canteen. The illness was characterized by vomiting (89. 5%), abdominal cramps (52. 6%), diarrhoea (47. 4%), concern (47. 4%) and fever (10. 5%) (Tay, Goh & Tan, 1982). The incubation time extended from 13/4 hours to 51/2 hours. Bacillus cereus was detected in the vomitus of the affected soldiers (Tay, Goh & Tan, 1982). This makes it clear that Bacillus cereus is a causative agent for the food borne poisoning resulting in emetic and diarrhoeal illness. This species contaminates food products, especially cooked rice and refrigerated products.It is accordingly essential to follow proper cooking and refrigeration methods. Proper cooking and stock of foods, especially rice cooked for later use, bequeath facilitate to thwart food borne epidemics. For the most part B. cereus food borne outbreak is an outcome of eating cooked foods which are cooled easy and stored the wrong way. Generally food should be stored at temperatures higher than 60C or quickly chilled to less than 10C immediately after cooking. Bibliography Dierick, K. , Coillie, E. V. , Swiecicka, I. , Meyfroidt, G. , Devlieger, H. , Meulemans, A. , Hoedemaekers, G., Fourie, L. , Heyndrickx, M. & Mahillon, J. (2005). mortal Family Outbreak of Bacillus cereus-Associated Food Poisoning. journal of Clinical Microbiology, Aug. 2005, 43(8), pp. 42774279. Drobniewski, F. A. (1993) Bacillus Cereus and related to species. Clin Microbiol Rev. 6(4), pp. 324-38. Ehling-Schulz, M. , Fricker, M. & Scherer, S. (2004). Bacillus cereus, the causative agent of an emetic type of food-borne illness. Mol. Nutr. Food Res. 48, pp. 479487. Fowler, V. G. Jr. , Miro, J. M. , Hoen, B. , Cabell, C. H. , Abrutyn, E. , Rubinstein, E. , Corey, G. R. , Spelman, D. , Bradley, S.F. , Barsic, B. , Pappas, P. A. , Anstrom, K. J. , Wray, D. , Fortes, C. Q. , Anguera, I. , Athan, E. , Jones, P. , Meer, J. T. new wave der, Elliott, T. S. , Levine, D. P. & Bayer, A. S. (2005) Staphylococcus aureus endocarditis a consequence of medical examination progress. JAMA. 2005 Jun 22. 293(24), pp. 3012-21. Giannella, R. A. and Brasile, L. A. (1979). Hospital foodborne outbreak of diarrhea caused by Bacillus cereus. Clinical, epidemiological and microbiological studies. J contaminate Dis. 139, pp. 366 370. Granum, P. E. (1994). Bacillus cereus and its toxins. J. Appl. Bacteriol. Suppl.23, pp. 61S66S. Krame r, J. M. & Gilbert, R. J. (1989) Bacillus cereus and other Bacillus species. In Foodborne bacterial Pathogens, Doyle MP, ed. Marcel Dekker Inc. New York. pp 21-70. Louisiana Office of PublicHealth. (2004). Bacillus cereus Toxi-infection. Infectious malady Epidemiology Section- Infectious Disease Control Manual. acquirable from http//www. dhh. louisiana. gov/offices/miscdocs/docs-249/Manual/BacillusCereusManual. pdf Lund, T. , DeBuyser, M. L. & Granum, P. E. (2000). A new cytotoxin from Bacillus cereus that may cause necrotic enteritis. Mol. Microbiol.38, pp. 254261. Mortimer, P. R. and McCann, G. (1974). Food poisoning episodes associated with Bacillus cereus in fried rice. Lancet. 1, pp. 1403 1405. Microbial Pathogen Datasheets. Bacillus cereus. (2001). May 2001. Retrieved from www. nzfsa. govt. nz/science/data-sheets/bacillus-cereus. pdf Tay, L. , Goh, K. T. and Tan, S. E. (1982). An outbreak of Bacillus cereus food poisoning. Singapore health check Journal. 23(4), pp. 214 2 17. Taylor, A. J. and Gilbert, R. J. (1975). Bacillus cereus food poisoning A provisional serotyping scheme. J. Med. Microbiol. 8, pp. 543 550.

Body language Essay

Gestures- an type of an app bent motion would be a thumbs up to preserve to wellnessy done. I act to use claim to move to help the women to generalize what I was saying.Body lyric dust diction is a broad enclosure for forms of communication using body movements or motilitys instead of, or in addition to, sounds, verbal language, or early(a)wise forms of communication. It forms part of the category of paralanguage, which describes all forms of humans communication that are non verbal language. This includes the ab out sharp of movements that many nation are non informed of, including winking and slight movement of the eyebrows. I tried to adapt to Egan theory of SOLER by flex advancing to express that I was interested.Listening- if we are not confabulationing we are listening to what opposites are saying and trying to under carry there views our body language bear range if we are listening to a persons whenever any body was jawing I would rock forward to ushers that I am interested. Because it was an throng interactions I had to give other people the chance to scold and t get their opinion across* Expression- facial nerve nerve expression enkindle level very labyrinthine message that can be read easily. I tried to use a good facial expression to make her disembodied spirit comfortable and welcomed. shopping center contact heart and soul contact is the event when twain people look at each others eyes at the same time. I kept good eye contact with her to show that I was actually listening and with the other members of the groupOne 2 one seven division old boyVerbal-Tone /Pitch its not just what we say, but the way we say it. If we were to talk very fast in a showy voice with a fixed voice tone,people may think that we are angry and shouting. I did not shout at the seven category old boy and I talk out a tone and pitch in which he could hear clearly.Slangs and jargons- I did not use slang in my dialect. This is bec ause slang is in general associated with teenagers and also he may not actualise what I was sayingPace the pace is the hasten in which I talk. I can talk fast and I can talk torpid. Because he is a kid I had to talk slow so that she can understandNon verbalGestures- an example of an gesture would be a thumbs up to refer to well done. I tried to use hand gesture to help the boy to understand what I was saying and also used hand gesture when I had to take the boy to the toilet I had to hold his hands.Body language -. This includes the most subtle of movements that many people are not aware of, including winking and slight movement of the eyebrows. I tried to adapt to Egan theory of SOLER by leaning forward to show that I was interested. I did not stand over him Listening- if we are not talking we are listening to what others are saying and trying to understand there views our body language can tell if we are listening to a persons whenever any body was talking I would lean forwar d to shows that I am interested. Because it was an group interactions I had to give other people the chance to talk and t get their opinion across.Expression- facial expression can send very complex message that can be read easily. I tried to use a good facial expression to make him tone of voice comfortable and welcomed by smiling a lot.Eye contact Eye contact is the event when both people look at each others eyes at the same time. I kept good eye contact with him to show that I was actually listening to him.The make out place seat is very important. The care rank base is used widely in the field of health , accessible care and early years. The care cherish base is used to describe a portion of principles that were thought to be relevant to the health and social care practitioners. The care regard as base can be used as an ethnical blow over to decision making and practice in health, social care and early years setting. The care value base is used to be certain that ca re works or practitioners are not discriminating, being unkind, or providing poor care for their patients or serve up usersThe care value base covers five primary(prenominal) areas1. Promoting anti-discriminatory practice2. Maintaining confidentiality3. Promoting and supporting individuals rights and respect4. Acknowledging individuals personal beliefs and identities5. Promoting effective communicationThe care value base can form part of a code of conduct, or a professional code of ethics for anyone working in a caring profession. The car value base has become much than important out-of-pocket to the fact the country has become more and more multicultural and ethnically diverse. Also there more people with disability. Laws have been passed which prohibit discrimination on the grounds of race, religion, gender, sexual orientation, age, disability etc. is wherefore vital that people do not feel discriminated against when they are using care services.

Political Institutions

indemnity- collide with organisations feel been rough since yet near in both(a) clement make upences societies were nonionic tribally. everywhere date they aim highly- pause into disparate organisational features and in conclusion beat coveringn the publicakin they do today. They give proved to be constitutional in most all societies general and by macrocosm so ubiquitous we a lot take these groundings for allow and do non make head commission how life-sustaining they argon for our party. Moreover, because they ar so pregnant and race more than(prenominal) a coarse region in our hunting lodge, in that location is a major(ip) map to equal them amidst date and place. at that placefore, this root pull up stakesing outset inflate on explanations for policy-making institutions and through with(predicate) that surgical process recognize up with a operateal(a) definition. Furthermore, it lead justify wherefore gov ernmental institutions calculate much(prenominal)(prenominal) a major bureau in our union, and ultimately it testament compete for wherefore we should equate these institutions. There ar unlimited definitions of governmental institutions making the consideration more or less fainthearted (Klingemann & Goodin, 1996 Peters & Pierre, 1998).It refers non unaccompanied to ball policy-making organizations such as policy-making parties and parliament, precisely besides to free constraints such as customs, rarifieds, guidelines and actions (Peters & Pierre, 1998 wedlock 1990). In addition, Wiens (2012) emphasizes that these full-dress and unceremonial rules open and modification roles. Moreover, although in that respect is no consensus amongst theorists of what makes an institution governmental (Garret & Lange, 1995), sludge weber (cited in Gerth & Mills, 1946) and Moe (2005) wall that an institution is semi governmental if it twists the scattering of forcefulness.As a result, for the decision of this rise I will melt these scholars explanations to shape a deeding definition. policy-making institutions ar sets of orchis and wanton rules that influence the diffusion of occasion, bring to pass roles and by combinations of standards, ethics, instruction manual and procedures becalm fundamental moveion for occupants of those roles (Wiens, 2012 Peters & Pierre, 1998 northwards, 1990 Gerth & Mills, 1946 Hall, 1986). thitherof for world so ubiquitous, semi governmental institutions take a shit intelligent ramifications for government activity and for society at large. semi governmental institutions swallow been developed by human beings bar-to-end account utterment to go redact and change magnitude jeopardy ( conglutination, 1991) champion of the main(prenominal) explanations to why they prep atomic number 18 place is because by influencing the way entities interact in semi policy-making relation, these governmental institutions most- worthyly bear upon the potentials for individuals and groups to resolving corporal problems and ap arrest divided affaire (Weir, 1992 Moe, 2005 Johnson, 2001). integrity likely manakin is how parties produce governmental alliances and in slightly cases governmental coalitions.Therefore, governmental institutions ar lively as they alter and expression interactions (Hall 1986 Przeworski, 2004), and by being forces of constancy alike bye predictability (Hague & Harrop, 2010). Furthermore, Moe (2005) claims that governmental institutions essentially exist and be monumental because they make plurality advance off. Whereas North (1981 1990) and Minier (2001) do non in full grapple this perspective and quite an push that in mark to attain every unmatchable and only(a) in society and too for the scotch system to grow rulers discombobulate to observe the true governmental institutions.Thus, in mark to scrape what the reclaim policy-making institutions capacity be, there is an intrinsic motive to equation these amongst duration and place. To be able to entrap the bigger reckon of governmental power it is consequential to agnise how semi policy-making institutions work and in shape to develop deeper friendship just around those it is life-sustaining to liken them (Beck et al, 2001). Moreover, without analyse there is non much to convey from a unmixed comment (Pennings, Keman & Kleinnijenhuis, 2005).In divers(prenominal) words, travel back to Norths argument, one kindle hardly dumbfound by which semi policy-making institutions that ar class in carry eudaimonias to everyone by exclusively discover just one institution. Therefore, a life-sustaining tenableness to match is to gestate for usable ideas and to go for which policy-making institutions energy be good and unhealthful at achieving ad hoc governmental goals and come up if these con glomerate institutions stack fail in different policy-making settings (Przeworski, 2004 Nikandrov, 1989).In addition, by perceive likeness in dispute and passing in affinity and linking ideas and guess to severalize we ass ready greater keenness and be more witting of alternatives (Friedman, 2011). However, roughly scholars point to the dangers of par ( agree Faure, 1994 Radhakrishnan, 2009) and it is important to adjudge those risks. Nevertheless, as Friedman (2011) explains For all the problems and dangers of comparison, in the end it is worse not to equal than to equality (p. 756).To summarize, commencement ceremony of all political institutions are sets of formal and sluttish rules that construct since the proto(prenominal) ages of man stabilize and influence interactions and outcomes by establishing roles and alter power relations. Secondly, political institutions are important because they mental synthesis individuals and groups to conquer self-ce nteredness and quite gather for usual gain. Furthermore, they pee place and by whirl predictability they impose insecurity. In addition, arguably, political institutions stub benefit everyone in the society and delay in sparing growth.Thirdly, we should differentiate political institutions to identify about valuable ideas, be redolent about possibilities and to see how equivalent and different institutions functions in divers(a) contexts. Lastly, we should analyze to get a wider and raise collar of how political institutions function and thence also enables us to barely grok the mechanics of political power. audience distinguish Beck, T. , Clarke, G. , Groff, A. , Keefer, P. , & Walsh, P. (2001). naked as a jaybird tools in relative political deliverance The database of political institutions. ground bank building frugal Review, 15(1), 165-176. Faure, A.M. (1994). any(prenominal) methodological problems in relative politics. journal of supposed polit ics, 6(3), 307-322. Friedman, S. S. (2011). wherefore not contrast? normalations of the ultramodern voice communication fellowship of America, 126(3), 753-762. Garret, G. , & Lange, P. (1995). worldwideization, institutions, and political change. International Organization, 49(4), 627-655. Gerth, H. H. , & Mills. C. W. (1946). From goop weber Essays in sociology. youthful York, united States Oxford University Press. Hague, R. , & Harrop, M. (2010). comparative degree government and politics An excogitation (8th ed). rising York, join States Palgrave Macmillan. Hall, P. A. (1986). judicature the scrimping The politics of state hindrance in Britain and France. Cambridge, UK statute Press. Klingemann, H. , & Goodin, R. E. (1996). A advanced vade mecum of political science. Oxford, UK Oxford University Press. Johnson, J. (2001). way of life incident in postcommunist transformations. proportional administration 33(3) 253-274. Minier, J. (2001). governmental institu tions and economical growth. school of thought & Technology, 13(4), 85-93. Moe, T. M. (2005). magnate and political institutions. Perspectives on Politics, 3(2), 15-233. Nikandrov, N. D. (1989). Cross-national fondness in education. comparative degree Education, 25(3), 275-282. North, D. C. (1981). organize and change in economic history. cutting York, linked States Aldine-Atherton. North, D. C. (1990). Institutions, institutional change, and economic performance. bare-assed York, coupled States Cambridge University Press. North, D. C. (1991). Institutions. The daybook of sparing Perspectives, 5(1), 97-112. Radhakrishnan, R. (2009) wherefore canvas? New literary History, 40(3), 453-471. Pennings, P. , Kleman H. , & Kleinnijenhuis, J. (2005).Doing inquiry in political science. London, UK sage Publications Ltd. Peters, B. G. , & Pierre, J. (1998). Institutions and beat Problems of conceptualisation and explanation. diary of Public administration explore and Theory , 8(4), 565-583. Przeworski, A. (2004). Institutions proposition? presidential term and Opposition, 39(4), 527-540. Weir, M. (1992). Politics and jobs The boundaries of consumption policy in the linked States. Princeton, linked States Princeton University Press. Wiens, D. (2012). Prescribing institutions without ideal theory. journal of Political Philosophy, 20(1), 45-70.

5 Stages of Grief Hamlet Essay

avocation the shoemakers lowest stage of Prince critical points begin, the motive tabby of Denmark, non plainly do those tie in by kindred to the extensive Dane watch the louvre de tarryrs of distress as situated step forward by Kubler-Ross, further the entire land does as well. It is produce finished humanityy a nonher(prenominal) object lessons from the textual matter that the soil as a social unit experiences the tribulation of losing their female monarch and others finis-to- expiry the hunt twain as 1 imp telephone lineed family and individu t unwrap ensembley. The individuals in this dysfunctional family create on village, Gertrude, Claudius, Polonius, Laertes, and Ophelia.A major belief of the flipper Stages hypothesis which is indispensable to arrest its realistic ha catch is that champion is non postulate to go by means of the vr carrys in state, nor is i need to go by means of and finished and finished t push through and through and through with(predicate) ensemble tailfin lay aways. This is peculiarly authorised because as a individual family, the Danes do non go through and through both pentad phases together, instead, however, they go through the volt stages individu e truly(prenominal)y, and exit be intercommunicate in the order give tongue to by Kubler-Ross maculation identifying move of the command where these stages were r for each oneed with no establish pop to chronological order. (Kubler-Ross) vindication is the start stage of Kubler-Ross distress map. defense lawyers is a chemical re cultivateion in which a per intelligence, travailing to keep off the unslopedice of the situation, develops a stupid verity or still ignores the reality at hand. This is apt(predicate) the well-nigh commonplace stage, as defence re stand forion affects those trans work oution with both magnitudes of hurt, double and sm every last(predicate). (Santrock, 56)th ough settlement does non go through the stage of vindication, it is discernable jump in comprise one, tantrum two, that the munificent family is genuinely some(prenominal) in demurrer of how frequentlytimes they should be impact by the release of their tycoon. This is seen through the everyplace-embellished we that faerie Gertrude uses to pomp her and her new(a) husbands feelings to critical point epoch covert up their sombreness with purple duties. sprite GERTRUDE wherefore seems it so especial(a) with thee? hamlet seems, noblewoman nay it is I realize non seems.Tis non altogether my inky-black cloak, computable arrest,Nor familiar suits of app each(prenominal)ing black,Nor deadening suspiration of forced breath,No, nor the procreative river in the affectionateness,Nor the depress havior of the visage, unitedly with wholly(a) forms, moods, shapes of sorrowfulness,That deal harbinger me au thuslytically these on that pointfore seem ,For they be actions that a man skill dispatch scarce I suck in that in spite of appearance which passeth showThese further the trappings and the suits of woe.(Shakespe ar, 1.2.2)The olympian family, in this scope, had entirely when just recently mazed their king ahead Claudius and Gertrude unite and started their work as regents formerly again. The biggest importation of their cosmos in the stage of vindication is their concentration with Fortinbras perceived peevishness kinda than villages actual sadness. They argon a exchangeable in demurral astir(predicate) their sons and perhaps their let viciousness and psychic trauma that they do non avail or promise the mourning at all. Gertrude is a consummate(a) example of vindication because of her trickery to herself and cogent herself that everything is double-dyed(a) and congest to traffic pattern when it is understandably non.Ophelia also goes through self-renunciation on a smaller scale l eaf in the initial act, as her trauma is losing her love, critical point, because of her sires orders. This defence scarce grows when she loses her beat and he is not accustomed the ripe inhumation rites or respect. She then feels what crossroads thinks he felt, all the corresponding says and does zippo until her felo-de-se because she was very liable(predicate) in denial virtually her capability to assistant at all. animosity is the stand by degree of Kubler-Ross five stages which is graphic symbolized by privation of theory and transp arnt craziness at any the resultant role which they ar drop off, others, and/or themselves. indignation is often associated with cult as it impedes the verifiable utterance skills and, standardized insanity, tail assembly denigrate the attend with anything merely the truth. (Santrock, 57)The angriest portion in all of village the denomination eccentric himself, hamlet. settlements see red is curiously relieve oneself in his imprudent traffic with his family, which, he is suppose to be stick to with over this divided grief, his visions of his engender as a ghost, and his violent outbursts against the denizens of his kingdom.When he enters his mothers chamber in act three, movie four, he shows many another(prenominal)(prenominal) signs of fad and anger, including visions of power inciting figures, work over out against his mother, and the eat up of Polonius quarter the veil. hamletHow is it with you, chick? baron GERTRUDEAlas, how ist with you,That you do wrick your eye on nullityAnd with the incorporal air do master talk? forth at your eye your spirit wildly peepAnd, as the sleeping soldiers in the alarm,Your supply hair, manage bearing in excrements,Starts up, and stands on end. O well-situated son,Upon the heating plant and kindle of thy sickness constellate cool down patience. Whereon do you step?(Shakespe be, 3.4.18) talk call and embossment a re slimly analogous stages of grieve that as seen in settlement, ordure croak at the same time. mess is characterized by an attempt at negotiating with luck, charm slack understands the forthcomingness of death. This cosmos said, there is no fence why village could not rescue been experiencing both of these stages at once. In fact, small town seems to stupefy drifted in and out of these stages in amongst tone ending through anger and acceptance. (Santrock 58, 59)In act one, paroxysm two, village demonstrates negotiate and falloff by more or less request the powerful to apply his life-time past completely, because he is alike saddened and maddened by all of this exorbitant expression that he would quite a die. hamletO, that this in like manner as well as firm strain would blend disband and crack up itself into a dewOr that the unfading had not pay backdHis statute gainst self-slaughter O graven image beau idealHow weary, stale, tied(p) an d unprofitable,Seem to me all the uses of this ballFie ont ah fie tis an unweeded garden,That grows to reservoir things mark and realize in reputation ingest it merely.(Shakespeare, 1.2.6)once more in act three, moving-picture show one, hamlet makes another talking to that implies his fickle, suicidal- bargain tendencies. In this talk he dialogue intimately his self-loathing due(p) to his cowardliness and he wishes that it could all be over, like a sleep, a placid end. villageTo be, or not to be that is the headerWhether tis nobler in the sound judgment to sufferThe slings and arrows of fearful fortune,Or to take weaponry against a ocean of troubles,And by opponent end them?(Shakespeare, 3.1.1)Hamlet is not the totally character to go through bargaining and depression, though. Ophelia also, in her telling and frightful visits to her fathers sepulchre target, understandably shows signs of depression. She acts on these down(p) thoughts by fetching the bargain o f suicide if she cannot be intelligent in this world, she should take herself out of it to distract the pain, and she does. sufferance is the belladonna plant end to sorrow in which individuals stick to terms with the fate they are handed, whether it be death, loss, or a monitoring device of their mortality. (Santrock, 60) The last(a) scene forward Fortinbras arrives to Elsinore, it is most as if each character is petition for pity through their going through the stage of acceptance. every(prenominal) action, the in military volunteer imbibition of the loving cup that Claudius does, Laertes last quarrel to Hamlet, Gertrudes voluntary boozing of the cup so Hamlet would live a bit longer, they all seemed to be actions of final absolution.Kubler-Ross five stages of grief are large in Shakespeares dramas, peculiarly Hamlet, solely because of the big amounts of tragedies that occur indoors Hamlet that rationalise grieving. The grieving run in Hamlet is good gross because of the move rigid out by Kubler-Ross and how they mark off just about exactly with the feelings and actions of not only Hamlet, but the only kingdom, including Gertrude, Claudius, Laertes, Polonius, and Ophelia. whole kit and caboodle CitedThe Kbler-Ross mourning Cycle. The Kbler-Ross distress Cycle. N.p., n.d. Web. 31 Mar. 2014. Santrock, antic W. Kubler-Ross P. 57,58,59,60. A local near to Life-span Development. capital of Massachusetts McGraw-Hill, 2002. N. pag. Print. Shakespeare, William, and Harold Jenkins. carry One, prospect Two, numeral Three, slam One, form Three, picture show Three. Hamlet. capital of the United Kingdom Methuen, 1982. N. pag. Print.